比较 Pr3+ 和 Nd3+ 对钛酸镧玻璃中 Er3+: 4I13/2 电平的去活化作用

IF 2.8 3区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Optical Materials Express Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI:10.1364/ome.517790
Brian Topper, Alexander Neumann, Stephen K. Wilke, Randall E. Youngman, Abdulrahman Alrubkhi, and Richard Weber
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引用次数: 0

摘要

通过悬浮熔融法制备了钛酸镧铒玻璃,用于促进中红外荧光的光谱研究。制备了两个系列的重度掺铒玻璃(15 wt%),分别添加了相对于 Er3+ 为 0.05、0.1 和 0.2 的 Pr3+ 或 Nd3+。这两种离子都能淬灭较低的 Er3+ 激光电平,其中 Pr3+ 的淬灭速度更快。虽然高浓度的共掺杂剂能带来更高的能量转移,这一点在上转换和下转换荧光测量中得到了明确的证明,但中红外寿命也会缩短,因此必须在共掺杂剂浓度上取得平衡。寿命和光谱测量结果表明,在固定的相对共掺杂剂量下,Pr3+ 比 Nd3+ 更能有效消除 Er3+ 4I13/2 电平的瓶颈。此外,将寿命与单个离子的吸收数据一起考虑表明,尽管 Nd3+ 在 808 纳米波长有较大的吸收截面,但要产生比直接利用 976 纳米波长激发 Er3+ 更大的吸收功率所需的浓度,会导致中红外转变的寿命不利。最终,从对荧光寿命的影响以及潜在的激光系统设计考虑,Pr3+ 成为更优越的共掺杂剂。在一种独特的自掺杂方法中,Ar 而不是 O2 的还原熔融气氛产生了一小部分 Ti3+。在 5Er2O3-12La2O3-83TiO2 玻璃中,当寿命与 O2 熔体环境相比时,Ti3+ 的存在淬灭了 4I13/2 发射,是 4I11/2 的 2.6 倍。作为增加中红外发射的另一种方法,我们研究了温度在 77-300 K 之间对轻掺杂钛酸镧成分的中红外和近红外寿命的影响。中红外寿命增加了 30%,而近红外寿命增加了 10%,这表明除了共掺杂之外,增益介质的主动冷却将进一步提高性能。
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Comparing Pr3+ and Nd3+ for deactivating the Er3+: 4I13/2 level in lanthanum titanate glass
Erbium lanthanum titanate glasses were prepared by levitation melting for the spectroscopic study of ways to promote the mid-infrared fluorescence. Two series of heavily erbium doped glasses (15 wt%) were prepared with the addition of either Pr3+ or Nd3+ in amounts relative to Er3+ of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2. Both ions quench the lower Er3+ laser level with the Pr3+ doing so more rapidly. Although high co-dopant concentrations result in higher energy transfer, as clearly evidenced in upconversion and downconversion fluorescence measurements, the mid-infrared lifetime also suffers a reduction and, therefore, a balance must be struck in the co-dopant concentration. Lifetime and spectral measurements indicate that, at a fixed relative co-dopant amount, Pr3+ is more effective than Nd3+ at removing the bottleneck of the Er3+ 4I13/2 level. Moreover, consideration of the lifetimes alongside the absorption data of the individual ions indicates that despite the large absorption cross-section of Nd3+ at 808 nm, the concentration needed to yield more absorbed power than utilizing direct 976 nm excitation of Er3+ results in unfavorable lifetimes of the mid-infrared transition. In the end, Pr3+ prevails as the superior co-dopant in terms of the effects on fluorescence lifetimes as well as potential laser system design considerations. In a unique self-doping approach, a reducing melt atmosphere of Ar instead of O2 creates a small fraction of Ti3+. In 5Er2O3-12La2O3-83TiO2 glass, the presence of Ti3+ quenches the 4I13/2 emission about 2.6 times more than the 4I11/2 when lifetimes are compared to an O2 melt environment. As an additional means of increasing the mid-infrared emission, the effect of temperature on the mid- and near- infrared lifetimes of a lightly doped lanthanum titanate composition is investigated between 77-300 K. The mid-infrared lifetime increases by ∼30% while the near-infrared lifetime increases by ∼10%, which suggests in addition to co-doping, active cooling of the gain media will further enhance performance.
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来源期刊
Optical Materials Express
Optical Materials Express MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-OPTICS
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
3.60%
发文量
377
审稿时长
1.5 months
期刊介绍: The Optical Society (OSA) publishes high-quality, peer-reviewed articles in its portfolio of journals, which serve the full breadth of the optics and photonics community. Optical Materials Express (OMEx), OSA''s open-access, rapid-review journal, primarily emphasizes advances in both conventional and novel optical materials, their properties, theory and modeling, synthesis and fabrication approaches for optics and photonics; how such materials contribute to novel optical behavior; and how they enable new or improved optical devices. The journal covers a full range of topics, including, but not limited to: Artificially engineered optical structures Biomaterials Optical detector materials Optical storage media Materials for integrated optics Nonlinear optical materials Laser materials Metamaterials Nanomaterials Organics and polymers Soft materials IR materials Materials for fiber optics Hybrid technologies Materials for quantum photonics Optical Materials Express considers original research articles, feature issue contributions, invited reviews, and comments on published articles. The Journal also publishes occasional short, timely opinion articles from experts and thought-leaders in the field on current or emerging topic areas that are generating significant interest.
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