Philip Jean-Richard-Dit-Bressel, Kelly Gaetani, Lilith Zeng, Gabrielle Weidemann, Gavan P McNally
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引用次数: 0
摘要
惩罚学习是指学习反应与其不利或不良后果之间的因果关系。在此,我们回顾了我们的转化方法,以了解个体在惩罚过程中学到的知识是否存在差异、何时存在差异、如何存在差异,以及这些学习差异如何可能导致持续的不良或不适应决策。我们的研究表明,惩罚不敏感的个体差异可能源于个体在学习惩罚知识(工具性应急知识)方面的差异,而非厌恶评价、奖励评价、一般(冲动)或特定(习惯)行为控制方面的差异。这些工具性或然知识的差异与其他动物相同,并且可以在其他动物身上进行研究。我们的方法具有很强的建构和预测有效性,为研究惩罚学习和决策如何导致神经精神疾病提供了一个强大的转化平台。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
Punishment learning is learning of the causal relationship between responses and their adverse or undesirable consequences. Here, we review our translational approach for understanding whether, when, and how individuals differ in what they learn during punishment, and how these differences in learning may drive persistent poor or maladaptive decisions. We show that individual differences in punishment insensitivity can emerge from differences between individuals in what they learn about punishment (instrumental contingency knowledge), rather than differences in aversive valuation, reward valuation, general (impulsivity), or specific (habit) behavioral control. These differences in instrumental contingency knowledge are shared with and can be studied in other animals. Our approach has strong construct and predictive validity, providing a robust translational platform for studying how punishment learning and decision making may contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).