贸易废物中微生物群落的多样性--对处理和操作的影响

J. Elliott, Christian Krohn, Andrew S. Ball
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摘要

工业废水显示出复杂多样的物理化学特性,企业和供水服务提供商对其进行测量、研究和处理。这些废水中的微生物群落较少被测量,尽管它们可能对健康、设备维护和环境产生影响。本研究旨在评估 11 个工业场所的 18 种未处理废水和可排放废水中的微生物群落,以比较这些废水中不同行业、现场处理水平和其他废水成分的微生物组成。此外,还测量了微生物群落对生物甲烷产量产生差异的可能性。通过有针对性的测序,确定了独特的分类方法,包括与动物(Acetitomaculum、Lactobacillus、NK4A214、Prevotella 和 Shuttleworthia)、冷却水(Bosea、军团菌、Methyloversatilis 和 Reyranella)以及极端条件(Alkalibacillus、Geobacillus、Halorubrum 和 Pyrobaculum)相关的菌属。不过,研究并未发现微生物群落的组成与工业部门或现场处理水平直接相关,也未发现它们对生物甲烷的潜力有直接影响。不过,某些单个类群的存在与甲烷产量和处理状态有关,可以从物理化学特性的角度加以解释,同时可作为识别、改进或开发现场工艺的潜在标记。
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Diversity of Microbial Communities in Trade Wastes—Implications for Treatments and Operations
Industrial wastewaters display a complex and diverse range of physicochemical properties that are measured, studied, and treated by businesses and water service providers. Less frequently measured are the microbial communities in these wastes, despite possible implications for health, equipment maintenance, and the environment. This study aimed to assess the microbial communities of eighteen raw and discharge-ready wastewaters across eleven industrial sites to compare the microbial compositions of these wastewaters across different industry sectors, on-site treatment levels, and other wastewater components. The potential for variance in the biomethane yield, depending on microbial communities, was also measured. Using targeted sequencing, a unique taxonomy was identified, including genera linked to animals (Acetitomaculum, Lactobacillus, NK4A214, Prevotella, and Shuttleworthia), cooling water (Bosea, Legionella, Methyloversatilis, and Reyranella), and extreme conditions (Alkalibacillus, Geobacillus, Halorubrum, and Pyrobaculum). However, the compositions of the microbial communities were not found to be directly correlated to industry sector or on-site treatment levels, nor were they found to have a direct effect on the biomethane potential. However, the presence of certain individual taxa is linked to the methane yield and treatment status and may be explained in the context of physicochemical properties while serving as potential markers for identifying, improving, or developing on-site processes.
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