Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Molecular Markers as a Valuable Tool to Confirm the Genetic Diversity in Soybean Germplasms (Glycine max)

Background: This study was performed to understand the genetic base of soybean which mainly focused to assess the diversity among sixteen soybean germplasms namely (AMS 100-39, BAUS 102, DS 3108, DSB 34, MACS 1493, NRC 128, NRC 130, NRC 131, NRC 132, NRC 136, NRC 137, NRC SL 1, PS 1613, RSC 11-03, RSC 11-07 and SKF SP-11) with two cultivated checks (JS-335 and Bragg). Methods: The genomic isolation was carried out using CTAB buffer and the diversity was estimated with the help of nine RAPD markers using percent polymorphism, PIC content, Jaccard’s similarity index and represented in dendogram. Result: The banding patterns were obtained with all the primer showed a total of 59 bands, out of the which, 17 bands were monomorphic, while other are polymorphic and the amplification ranged from 100 bp to 960 bp. The range of similarity coefficients varies from 0.87 to 0.36. Out of total amplification, products were scored, averages of 70.3% were polymorphic among all genotypes. The cluster clearly divided the whole germplasms into two four groups showing the clear-cut diversity profile of all germplasms. As a result, this study is very beneficial for understanding the diversity of different soybean germplasms and the application of this technique for the development of highly profitable crops.