Characteristics and mechanisms of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue aging

Aging is one of the most significant health challenges worldwide and is a primary cause of chronic diseases and physiological decline. Among the myriad changes that occur with aging, alterations in adipose tissue distribution and function have gained considerable attention because of their profound impact on metabolic health and overall well-being. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) are the two major depots of white adipose tissue, each with distinct roles in metabolism and health. Understanding the characteristics and underlying mechanisms of SAT and VAT is crucial for elucidating the aging process and developing strategies to promote healthy aging. This review focuses on delineating and analyzing the characteristics and intrinsic mechanisms underlying the aging of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue during the aging process, which can contribute to a better understanding of the aging process and enhance healthy aging.