A. Belfiore, R. Salvaterra, L. Sidoli, G. Israel, Luigi Stella, Andrea De Luca, S. Mereghetti, P. Esposito, F. Pintore, A. D’Aì, G. R. Rodríguez Castillo, Dominic J. Walton, Felix Fürst, D. Magistrali, A. Wolter, Matteo Imbrogno
{"title":"NGC 5907 ULX-1 的轨道","authors":"A. Belfiore, R. Salvaterra, L. Sidoli, G. Israel, Luigi Stella, Andrea De Luca, S. Mereghetti, P. Esposito, F. Pintore, A. D’Aì, G. R. Rodríguez Castillo, Dominic J. Walton, Felix Fürst, D. Magistrali, A. Wolter, Matteo Imbrogno","doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/ad320a","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"\n <jats:p>We report on the orbit of the binary system powering the most extreme ultraluminous X-ray pulsar known to date: NGC 5907 ULX-1 (hereafter ULX1). ULX1 has been the target of a substantial multi-instrument campaign, mainly in the X-ray band, but no clear counterparts are known in other bands. Although ULX1 is highly variable and pulsations can be transient (regardless of the source flux), the timing data collected so far allow us to investigate the orbit of this system. We find an orbital period <jats:inline-formula>\n <jats:tex-math>\n<?CDATA ${P}_{\\mathrm{orb}}={5.7}_{-0.6}^{+0.1}\\,\\mathrm{days}$?>\n</jats:tex-math>\n <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>P</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>orb</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n </mml:msub>\n <mml:mo>=</mml:mo>\n <mml:msubsup>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mn>5.7</mml:mn>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo>−</mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>0.6</mml:mn>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo>+</mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>0.1</mml:mn>\n </mml:mrow>\n </mml:msubsup>\n <mml:mspace width=\"0.25em\" />\n <mml:mi>days</mml:mi>\n </mml:math>\n <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"apjad320aieqn1.gif\" xlink:type=\"simple\" />\n </jats:inline-formula> and a projected semi-axis <jats:inline-formula>\n <jats:tex-math>\n<?CDATA ${A}_{1}={3.1}_{-0.9}^{+0.8}\\,\\mathrm{lt}\\mbox{--}{\\rm{s}}$?>\n</jats:tex-math>\n <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n <mml:msub>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mi>A</mml:mi>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mn>1</mml:mn>\n </mml:mrow>\n </mml:msub>\n <mml:mo>=</mml:mo>\n <mml:msubsup>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mn>3.1</mml:mn>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo>−</mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>0.9</mml:mn>\n </mml:mrow>\n <mml:mrow>\n <mml:mo>+</mml:mo>\n <mml:mn>0.8</mml:mn>\n </mml:mrow>\n </mml:msubsup>\n <mml:mspace width=\"0.25em\" />\n <mml:mi>lt</mml:mi>\n <mml:mo>–</mml:mo>\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">s</mml:mi>\n </mml:math>\n <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"apjad320aieqn2.gif\" xlink:type=\"simple\" />\n </jats:inline-formula>. The most likely ephemeris is <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>\n <jats:sub>orb</jats:sub> = 5.6585(6) days, <jats:italic>A</jats:italic>\n <jats:sub>1</jats:sub> = 3.1(4) lt-s, and the epoch of ascending nodes passage is <jats:italic>T</jats:italic>\n <jats:sub>asc</jats:sub> = 57751.37(5) MJD. However, there are six similar solutions acceptable within 3<jats:italic>σ</jats:italic>. We find further indications that ULX1 is a high-mass X-ray binary. This implies that we are observing its orbit face on, with an inclination <5°.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":504209,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal","volume":"659 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Orbit of NGC 5907 ULX-1\",\"authors\":\"A. Belfiore, R. Salvaterra, L. Sidoli, G. Israel, Luigi Stella, Andrea De Luca, S. Mereghetti, P. Esposito, F. Pintore, A. D’Aì, G. R. Rodríguez Castillo, Dominic J. Walton, Felix Fürst, D. Magistrali, A. Wolter, Matteo Imbrogno\",\"doi\":\"10.3847/1538-4357/ad320a\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"\\n <jats:p>We report on the orbit of the binary system powering the most extreme ultraluminous X-ray pulsar known to date: NGC 5907 ULX-1 (hereafter ULX1). ULX1 has been the target of a substantial multi-instrument campaign, mainly in the X-ray band, but no clear counterparts are known in other bands. Although ULX1 is highly variable and pulsations can be transient (regardless of the source flux), the timing data collected so far allow us to investigate the orbit of this system. We find an orbital period <jats:inline-formula>\\n <jats:tex-math>\\n<?CDATA ${P}_{\\\\mathrm{orb}}={5.7}_{-0.6}^{+0.1}\\\\,\\\\mathrm{days}$?>\\n</jats:tex-math>\\n <mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" overflow=\\\"scroll\\\">\\n <mml:msub>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mi>P</mml:mi>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mi>orb</mml:mi>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n </mml:msub>\\n <mml:mo>=</mml:mo>\\n <mml:msubsup>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mn>5.7</mml:mn>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mo>−</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mn>0.6</mml:mn>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mo>+</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mn>0.1</mml:mn>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n </mml:msubsup>\\n <mml:mspace width=\\\"0.25em\\\" />\\n <mml:mi>days</mml:mi>\\n </mml:math>\\n <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"apjad320aieqn1.gif\\\" xlink:type=\\\"simple\\\" />\\n </jats:inline-formula> and a projected semi-axis <jats:inline-formula>\\n <jats:tex-math>\\n<?CDATA ${A}_{1}={3.1}_{-0.9}^{+0.8}\\\\,\\\\mathrm{lt}\\\\mbox{--}{\\\\rm{s}}$?>\\n</jats:tex-math>\\n <mml:math xmlns:mml=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" overflow=\\\"scroll\\\">\\n <mml:msub>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mi>A</mml:mi>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mn>1</mml:mn>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n </mml:msub>\\n <mml:mo>=</mml:mo>\\n <mml:msubsup>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mn>3.1</mml:mn>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mo>−</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mn>0.9</mml:mn>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mrow>\\n <mml:mo>+</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mn>0.8</mml:mn>\\n </mml:mrow>\\n </mml:msubsup>\\n <mml:mspace width=\\\"0.25em\\\" />\\n <mml:mi>lt</mml:mi>\\n <mml:mo>–</mml:mo>\\n <mml:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">s</mml:mi>\\n </mml:math>\\n <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"apjad320aieqn2.gif\\\" xlink:type=\\\"simple\\\" />\\n </jats:inline-formula>. The most likely ephemeris is <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>\\n <jats:sub>orb</jats:sub> = 5.6585(6) days, <jats:italic>A</jats:italic>\\n <jats:sub>1</jats:sub> = 3.1(4) lt-s, and the epoch of ascending nodes passage is <jats:italic>T</jats:italic>\\n <jats:sub>asc</jats:sub> = 57751.37(5) MJD. However, there are six similar solutions acceptable within 3<jats:italic>σ</jats:italic>. We find further indications that ULX1 is a high-mass X-ray binary. This implies that we are observing its orbit face on, with an inclination <5°.</jats:p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":504209,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"The Astrophysical Journal\",\"volume\":\"659 \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-04-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"The Astrophysical Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad320a\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"The Astrophysical Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad320a","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
我们报告了为迄今已知的最极端超光速X射线脉冲星NGC 5907 ULX-1（以下简称ULX1）提供动力的双星系统的轨道情况。ULX1一直是大量多仪器观测的目标，主要是在X射线波段，但在其他波段还没有明确的对应天体。虽然 ULX1 变率很高，而且脉动可能是瞬时的（与源通量无关），但目前收集到的定时数据允许我们研究这个系统的轨道。我们发现它的轨道周期为 P orb = 5.7 - 0.6 + 0.1 天，投影半轴 A 1 = 3.1 - 0.9 + 0.8 lt - s。最有可能的星历为 P orb = 5.6585(6) 天，A 1 = 3.1(4) LT-s，升交点通过的纪元为 T asc = 57751.37(5) MJD。然而，在 3σ 以内有六个类似的解决方案是可以接受的。我们发现有进一步的迹象表明 ULX1 是一个高质 X 射线双星。这意味着我们是在正面观测它的轨道，倾角为
We report on the orbit of the binary system powering the most extreme ultraluminous X-ray pulsar known to date: NGC 5907 ULX-1 (hereafter ULX1). ULX1 has been the target of a substantial multi-instrument campaign, mainly in the X-ray band, but no clear counterparts are known in other bands. Although ULX1 is highly variable and pulsations can be transient (regardless of the source flux), the timing data collected so far allow us to investigate the orbit of this system. We find an orbital period Porb=5.7−0.6+0.1days and a projected semi-axis A1=3.1−0.9+0.8lt–s. The most likely ephemeris is Porb = 5.6585(6) days, A1 = 3.1(4) lt-s, and the epoch of ascending nodes passage is Tasc = 57751.37(5) MJD. However, there are six similar solutions acceptable within 3σ. We find further indications that ULX1 is a high-mass X-ray binary. This implies that we are observing its orbit face on, with an inclination <5°.
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