女性型脱发的三镜特征:为期一年的医院横断面研究

Chintan Ramesh Kothari, Shivakumar Patil
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摘要

女性脱发(FPHL)是一种非瘢痕性脱发,是女性脱发的常见原因。FPHL 表现为毛囊变小,头发变细。头皮活检可诊断 FPHL,但通常不需要。三镜检查是诊断脱发的一种无创、放大率较高的方法(与头皮活检相比),可测量 FPHL 特征性的毛囊异形。 共有 110 名临床诊断为各种等级 FPHL 的患者接受了临床和三镜检查,检查结果与作为对照的枕部进行了比较。 除黄点和每单位毛囊 2-3 根毛发(HU)外,三镜检查的其他特征也具有统计学意义,如毛发直径多样性、棕白色毛周征、每毛囊单位一根毛发、白点(WD)、细小鳞屑和蜂蜜梳状色素沉着(HCP)。局灶性富集、2-3 根头发/HU、WD、HCP 与脱发等级相关。 三腔镜检查是早期诊断 FPHL 的绝佳工具,有助于将 FPHL 与慢性毛囊性脱发等其他疾病区分开来,并避免了头皮活检等痛苦的手术。这项研究缺乏组织病理学和激素调查,但过去的研究已经证实了三镜检查与组织病理学变化之间的相关性。
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Trichoscopic Features in Female Pattern Hair Loss: 1-Year Hospital-Based Cross-sectional Study
Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) a nonscarring alopecia, is a common cause of hair loss in women. FPHL shows miniaturization of the hair follicles with thinning of hair. Scalp biopsy is diagnostic of FPHL but usually not needed. Trichoscopy a noninvasive higher magnification method (vs. scalp biopsy) for diagnosis of hair loss allows measurement of anisotrichosis characteristic of FPHL. A total of 110 patients with clinically diagnosed FPHL of all grades were subjected to clinical and trichoscopic examination, and findings were looked for and compared with the occipital region serving as control. Trichoscopic features apart from yellow dots and 2–3 hairs per unit follicle (HU) were statistically significant like hair diameter diversity, brown and white peripilar sign, one hair per follicular unit, white dots (WD), fine scaling, and honey-comb pigmentation (HCP). Focal atrichia, 2–3 hairs/HU, WD, HCP correlated with the grade of hair loss. Trichoscopy could be excellent tool for diagnosing FPHL in early stages and may aid in differentiating it from other conditions like chronic telogen effluvium and obviating the need of painful procedures like scalp biopsy. The study lacks histo-pathological and hormonal investigations however past studies done have already established correlation of trichoscopic and histo-pathological changes.
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