向乔治-卡拉斯(Georges Calas)颁发美国矿物学会 2023 年罗布林奖章

IF 2.7 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS American Mineralogist Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.2138/am-2024-ap10957
Gordon E. Brown
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Most recently, Georges has focused on mineral resources and their sustainable development. Georges played a lead role in four different thematic issues of Elements Magazine—three in 2006 and one in 2017—devoted to these subject areas. This body of work serves as an extraordinary example of the use of a multidisciplinary approach to address the complexity of Earth materials and the chemical reactions they undergo in Earth-surface environments.Georges Calas is one of the very best mineralogists in the world as well as a pioneer in the application of various types of molecular-level spectroscopy to mineralogical and low-temperature geochemical problems. He has become a leader of and an ambassador for the mineral sciences worldwide. For example, in 2016, he was awarded a Doctor Honoris Causa Degree from the National University of Kazakhstan, Almaty, for his tireless efforts to help educate scientists in developing countries about the societal impacts of the mineral sciences.It has been my great pleasure to watch Georges broaden his research horizons over the years into interdisciplinary areas, such as materials science and molecular environmental science. Throughout his scientific career, Georges has carried out research at the interface between mineralogy and geochemistry that has had an enormous impact in both fields, as indicated by his numerous international honors, including most recently the 2022 International Mineralogical Association Medal of Excellence in Mineralogical Sciences.I have known Georges since 1982, when we met at the Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco, California. He presented an outstanding talk on the use of synchrotron radiation-based X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy to determine the local coordination environments of iron in silicate glasses. This presentation signaled the miner-alogical and geochemical worlds that Georges Calas was a rising young star doing pioneering work only two years past his Ph.D. degree in 1980 with Claude Allegre at the University of Paris 6. Over the past 40 years, Georges and I have collaborated on a number of research projects and have published several dozen papers in peer-reviewed journals together with our students and other collaborators. Portions of our collaborative work are highlighted in a 100-page issue of Geochemical Perspectives entitled “Mineral-Aqueous Solution Interfaces and Their Impact on the Environment,” published in 2012 by the European Association of Geochemistry. Our collaborations have allowed me to see Georges in action as a professor, mentor, and researcher at one of the leading universities in the world. The impact and very high quality of his research, mentoring, and teaching have been exceptional.Georges was the first geochemist/mineralogist in Europe to utilize synchrotron radiation methods to tackle a variety of problems involving complex Earth materials and the processes that form and modify them. He has since become one of the world leaders in the applications of synchrotron radiation to Earth materials of all types. His Ph.D. research involved a UV-vis spectroscopic study of the molecular-level speciation (oxidation state and local structural environment) of uranium in silicate glasses prepared under different oxygen fugacity conditions. This seminal study brought immediate attention to Georges within the geochemistry and mineralogy communities and led to his classic UV-vis, EPR, Mössbauer, and XAFS studies of transition metal environments in silicate glasses with his long-time research partner Prof. Jacqueline Petiau, in the historic Laboratoire de Minéralogie-Cristallographie de Paris (LMCP).In recognition of the very high quality of his science as well as his significant contributions to the LMCP and the University of Paris 6 and 7, Georges served as Deputy Director of the LMCP from 1997 to 2008 and is Distinguished Professor (Exceptional Class) of Earth Sciences at the University of Paris 6 (University Pierre et Marie Curie). The quality of Georges’s science has also led to his being awarded two prestigious prizes by the French Academy of Sciences—the Carrière prize in Mineralogy in 1988 and the Yvan Peyches Grand Award in Materials Science in 2002. He was also awarded the Leon Bertrand Award in Applied Earth Sciences in 2006 by the Société Géologique de France. In 2006, Georges was elected as a senior member in the Institut Universitaire de France (inaugural Chair of Mineralogy), which is a major honor for French academics. In addition to these French national awards, Georges was honored by the Mineralogical Society of America by being elected Fellow in 1989 and by being selected in 1999 for the Best Paper Award in American Mineralogist. The Stanford University School of Earth Sciences also honored Georges by naming him the Alan Cox Visiting Professor in 1992. In 2009, Georges was elected Geochemistry Fellow of the Geochemical Society and the European Association of Geo-chemistry. In 2011, he was elected to membership in Academia Europaea and also received the Schlumberger Medal of the Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland for his seminal work in mineralogy and inorganic geochemistry. Georges was elected Foreign Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2014, another major honor that highlights his excellent international scientific reputation. As mentioned earlier, Georges received the 2022 IMA Medal of Excellence in Mineralogical Sciences. In addition, Georges has presented more than 130 invited talks and plenary lectures since 1982 at international scientific meetings in disciplines ranging from mineralogy and geochemistry to materials science and glass science. In addition, he has been an outstanding mentor of over 40 Ph.D. students and post-docs during his tenure as a professor at the University of Paris 6 and 7. His impact on these students, post-docs, and collaborators from France and other countries has been enormous, based on my own observations over the past 40 years.Georges has been very active in many Earth Science organizations, including the IMA and service on IMA Commissions, and as a convenor of sessions at a number of scientific meetings. His record of service to professional Earth Science societies is second to none, as shown by the long list of his activities in these societies. Most recently, Georges has become heavily involved in mineral resources and their sustainable development, having been elected to the annual chair “Sustainable Development” in the College de France, Paris. In this role, Georges organized a highly successful international symposium at the College de France, Paris, in June 2015 on “Mineral Resources and Sustainable Development: Transformations to Prepare for the Future,” which I attended. He also served as co-convenor with me and my former student Bradford Mills in December 2017 of a Stanford University Symposium on “Mineral Resources and Their Sustainable Development,” which attracted more than 100 participants from around the world. Most recently, Georges has served on the Technical Advisory Group “Stained Glasses,” Notre Dame de Paris reconstruction project.Georges Calas’ work in the areas of mineralogy and geo-chemistry described above has changed the way we think about disordered Earth materials and the processes that form them. It has also shown us how Earth materials, in concert with microbial organisms, can sequester and, in some cases, transform toxic elements in highly complex, anthropogenically perturbed environments, thus limiting (or enhancing) their dispersal at Earth’s surface. The impact of Georges Calas’s work extends far beyond the borders of France and Europe and is comparable to the very best inorganic geochemical and mineralogical work being carried out in the world today. In looking through the list of 81 Roebling Medals awarded since 1937, I was surprised to see that only one French scientist, Raimond Castaing, was awarded the Roebling Medal in 1977 for his development of the electron microprobe. We now have two Roebling Medalists from France. Without question, Georges Calas is one of the most outstanding French and European mineralogists of his generation. 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Georges played a lead role in four different thematic issues of Elements Magazine—three in 2006 and one in 2017—devoted to these subject areas. This body of work serves as an extraordinary example of the use of a multidisciplinary approach to address the complexity of Earth materials and the chemical reactions they undergo in Earth-surface environments.Georges Calas is one of the very best mineralogists in the world as well as a pioneer in the application of various types of molecular-level spectroscopy to mineralogical and low-temperature geochemical problems. He has become a leader of and an ambassador for the mineral sciences worldwide. For example, in 2016, he was awarded a Doctor Honoris Causa Degree from the National University of Kazakhstan, Almaty, for his tireless efforts to help educate scientists in developing countries about the societal impacts of the mineral sciences.It has been my great pleasure to watch Georges broaden his research horizons over the years into interdisciplinary areas, such as materials science and molecular environmental science. Throughout his scientific career, Georges has carried out research at the interface between mineralogy and geochemistry that has had an enormous impact in both fields, as indicated by his numerous international honors, including most recently the 2022 International Mineralogical Association Medal of Excellence in Mineralogical Sciences.I have known Georges since 1982, when we met at the Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco, California. He presented an outstanding talk on the use of synchrotron radiation-based X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy to determine the local coordination environments of iron in silicate glasses. This presentation signaled the miner-alogical and geochemical worlds that Georges Calas was a rising young star doing pioneering work only two years past his Ph.D. degree in 1980 with Claude Allegre at the University of Paris 6. Over the past 40 years, Georges and I have collaborated on a number of research projects and have published several dozen papers in peer-reviewed journals together with our students and other collaborators. Portions of our collaborative work are highlighted in a 100-page issue of Geochemical Perspectives entitled “Mineral-Aqueous Solution Interfaces and Their Impact on the Environment,” published in 2012 by the European Association of Geochemistry. Our collaborations have allowed me to see Georges in action as a professor, mentor, and researcher at one of the leading universities in the world. The impact and very high quality of his research, mentoring, and teaching have been exceptional.Georges was the first geochemist/mineralogist in Europe to utilize synchrotron radiation methods to tackle a variety of problems involving complex Earth materials and the processes that form and modify them. He has since become one of the world leaders in the applications of synchrotron radiation to Earth materials of all types. His Ph.D. research involved a UV-vis spectroscopic study of the molecular-level speciation (oxidation state and local structural environment) of uranium in silicate glasses prepared under different oxygen fugacity conditions. This seminal study brought immediate attention to Georges within the geochemistry and mineralogy communities and led to his classic UV-vis, EPR, Mössbauer, and XAFS studies of transition metal environments in silicate glasses with his long-time research partner Prof. Jacqueline Petiau, in the historic Laboratoire de Minéralogie-Cristallographie de Paris (LMCP).In recognition of the very high quality of his science as well as his significant contributions to the LMCP and the University of Paris 6 and 7, Georges served as Deputy Director of the LMCP from 1997 to 2008 and is Distinguished Professor (Exceptional Class) of Earth Sciences at the University of Paris 6 (University Pierre et Marie Curie). The quality of Georges’s science has also led to his being awarded two prestigious prizes by the French Academy of Sciences—the Carrière prize in Mineralogy in 1988 and the Yvan Peyches Grand Award in Materials Science in 2002. He was also awarded the Leon Bertrand Award in Applied Earth Sciences in 2006 by the Société Géologique de France. In 2006, Georges was elected as a senior member in the Institut Universitaire de France (inaugural Chair of Mineralogy), which is a major honor for French academics. In addition to these French national awards, Georges was honored by the Mineralogical Society of America by being elected Fellow in 1989 and by being selected in 1999 for the Best Paper Award in American Mineralogist. The Stanford University School of Earth Sciences also honored Georges by naming him the Alan Cox Visiting Professor in 1992. In 2009, Georges was elected Geochemistry Fellow of the Geochemical Society and the European Association of Geo-chemistry. In 2011, he was elected to membership in Academia Europaea and also received the Schlumberger Medal of the Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland for his seminal work in mineralogy and inorganic geochemistry. Georges was elected Foreign Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2014, another major honor that highlights his excellent international scientific reputation. As mentioned earlier, Georges received the 2022 IMA Medal of Excellence in Mineralogical Sciences. In addition, Georges has presented more than 130 invited talks and plenary lectures since 1982 at international scientific meetings in disciplines ranging from mineralogy and geochemistry to materials science and glass science. In addition, he has been an outstanding mentor of over 40 Ph.D. students and post-docs during his tenure as a professor at the University of Paris 6 and 7. His impact on these students, post-docs, and collaborators from France and other countries has been enormous, based on my own observations over the past 40 years.Georges has been very active in many Earth Science organizations, including the IMA and service on IMA Commissions, and as a convenor of sessions at a number of scientific meetings. His record of service to professional Earth Science societies is second to none, as shown by the long list of his activities in these societies. Most recently, Georges has become heavily involved in mineral resources and their sustainable development, having been elected to the annual chair “Sustainable Development” in the College de France, Paris. In this role, Georges organized a highly successful international symposium at the College de France, Paris, in June 2015 on “Mineral Resources and Sustainable Development: Transformations to Prepare for the Future,” which I attended. He also served as co-convenor with me and my former student Bradford Mills in December 2017 of a Stanford University Symposium on “Mineral Resources and Their Sustainable Development,” which attracted more than 100 participants from around the world. Most recently, Georges has served on the Technical Advisory Group “Stained Glasses,” Notre Dame de Paris reconstruction project.Georges Calas’ work in the areas of mineralogy and geo-chemistry described above has changed the way we think about disordered Earth materials and the processes that form them. It has also shown us how Earth materials, in concert with microbial organisms, can sequester and, in some cases, transform toxic elements in highly complex, anthropogenically perturbed environments, thus limiting (or enhancing) their dispersal at Earth’s surface. The impact of Georges Calas’s work extends far beyond the borders of France and Europe and is comparable to the very best inorganic geochemical and mineralogical work being carried out in the world today. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

杰夫-波斯特(Jeff Post)会长、唐娜-惠特尼(Donna Whitney)副会长、各位理事、历届罗布林奖章获得者、美国矿物学会会员和研究员以及各位来宾:我很高兴向大家介绍我的好朋友乔治-卡拉斯(Georges Calas),他是2023年罗布林奖章的获得者。该奖章是 "美国矿物学会为表彰科学杰出成就而颁发的最高奖项,其主要代表是在矿物学领域发表的杰出原创性研究成果"。Georges 从事矿物学和无机地球化学研究 40 多年,在同行评审期刊和专著上发表了 320 多篇论文,涉及的主题包括硅酸盐玻璃和熔体的结构/性质关系、环境地球化学/矿物学、矿物和玻璃中的辐射损伤以及核废料管理。最近,Georges 主要研究矿产资源及其可持续发展。Georges 在《元素》杂志的四个不同专题中发挥了主导作用,其中三个专题于 2006 年出版,一个专题于 2017 年出版。Georges Calas 是世界上最优秀的矿物学家之一,也是将各种分子水平光谱学应用于矿物学和低温地球化学问题的先驱。他已成为全球矿物科学的领导者和大使。例如,2016年,他被阿拉木图哈萨克斯坦国立大学授予荣誉博士学位,以表彰他在帮助发展中国家的科学家了解矿物科学的社会影响方面做出的不懈努力。"多年来,我非常荣幸地看到乔治斯将研究视野拓展到材料科学和分子环境科学等跨学科领域。在他的整个科学生涯中,乔治斯在矿物学和地球化学之间开展的研究对这两个领域都产生了巨大的影响,他获得的众多国际荣誉就证明了这一点,其中包括最近获得的 2022 年国际矿物学协会矿物学科学卓越奖章。他在会上发表了关于利用同步辐射X射线吸收精细结构(XAFS)光谱测定硅酸盐玻璃中铁的局部配位环境的精彩演讲。这次报告向矿产地质学和地球化学界表明,乔治-卡拉斯是一颗冉冉升起的年轻新星,他在 1980 年与克劳德-阿莱格尔(Claude Allegre)一起在巴黎第六大学获得博士学位后两年,就开始从事开创性工作。2012 年,欧洲地球化学协会出版了题为 "矿物-水溶液界面及其对环境的影响 "的《地球化学展望》(Geochemical Perspectives)期刊,该期刊长达 100 页,重点介绍了我们的部分合作成果。我们的合作让我看到了乔治作为世界一流大学的教授、导师和研究员的工作。Georges 是欧洲第一位利用同步辐射方法解决涉及复杂地球材料及其形成和改变过程的各种问题的地球化学/矿物学家。此后,他成为将同步辐射应用于各类地球材料的世界领军人物之一。他的博士研究涉及对在不同氧富集条件下制备的硅酸盐玻璃中铀的分子级标示(氧化态和局部结构环境)进行紫外可见光谱研究。这项开创性的研究立即引起了地球化学和矿物学界对 Georges 的关注,并促成了他与长期研究合作伙伴 Jacqueline Petiau 教授在历史悠久的巴黎矿物学和金相学实验室 (LMCP) 对硅酸盐玻璃中的过渡金属环境进行了经典的紫外可见光、电致发光、莫斯鲍尔和 XAFS 研究。Georges 于 1997 年至 2008 年担任巴黎矿物岩石学实验室副主任,并担任巴黎第六大学(皮埃尔和玛丽居里大学)地球科学特聘教授(特级),以表彰其卓越的科学成就以及对巴黎矿物岩石学实验室、巴黎第六大学和巴黎第七大学做出的重大贡献。
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Presentation of the 2023 Roebling Medal of the Mineralogical Society of America to Georges Calas
President Jeff Post, Vice President Donna Whitney, Councilors, Past Roebling Medalists, Members and Fellows of the Mineralogical Society of America, and Guests:I’m delighted to introduce my good friend Georges Calas, recipient of the 2023 Roebling Medal. This medal is “the highest award of the Mineralogical Society of America for scientific eminence as represented primarily by scientific publication of outstanding original research in mineralogy.” Georges’s 40+ year career in mineralogy and inorganic geochemistry has resulted in over 320 publications in peer-reviewed journals and monographs that cover topics ranging from structure/property relationships of silicate glasses and melts and environmental geochemistry/mineralogy to radiation damage in minerals and glasses and nuclear waste management. Most recently, Georges has focused on mineral resources and their sustainable development. Georges played a lead role in four different thematic issues of Elements Magazine—three in 2006 and one in 2017—devoted to these subject areas. This body of work serves as an extraordinary example of the use of a multidisciplinary approach to address the complexity of Earth materials and the chemical reactions they undergo in Earth-surface environments.Georges Calas is one of the very best mineralogists in the world as well as a pioneer in the application of various types of molecular-level spectroscopy to mineralogical and low-temperature geochemical problems. He has become a leader of and an ambassador for the mineral sciences worldwide. For example, in 2016, he was awarded a Doctor Honoris Causa Degree from the National University of Kazakhstan, Almaty, for his tireless efforts to help educate scientists in developing countries about the societal impacts of the mineral sciences.It has been my great pleasure to watch Georges broaden his research horizons over the years into interdisciplinary areas, such as materials science and molecular environmental science. Throughout his scientific career, Georges has carried out research at the interface between mineralogy and geochemistry that has had an enormous impact in both fields, as indicated by his numerous international honors, including most recently the 2022 International Mineralogical Association Medal of Excellence in Mineralogical Sciences.I have known Georges since 1982, when we met at the Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco, California. He presented an outstanding talk on the use of synchrotron radiation-based X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy to determine the local coordination environments of iron in silicate glasses. This presentation signaled the miner-alogical and geochemical worlds that Georges Calas was a rising young star doing pioneering work only two years past his Ph.D. degree in 1980 with Claude Allegre at the University of Paris 6. Over the past 40 years, Georges and I have collaborated on a number of research projects and have published several dozen papers in peer-reviewed journals together with our students and other collaborators. Portions of our collaborative work are highlighted in a 100-page issue of Geochemical Perspectives entitled “Mineral-Aqueous Solution Interfaces and Their Impact on the Environment,” published in 2012 by the European Association of Geochemistry. Our collaborations have allowed me to see Georges in action as a professor, mentor, and researcher at one of the leading universities in the world. The impact and very high quality of his research, mentoring, and teaching have been exceptional.Georges was the first geochemist/mineralogist in Europe to utilize synchrotron radiation methods to tackle a variety of problems involving complex Earth materials and the processes that form and modify them. He has since become one of the world leaders in the applications of synchrotron radiation to Earth materials of all types. His Ph.D. research involved a UV-vis spectroscopic study of the molecular-level speciation (oxidation state and local structural environment) of uranium in silicate glasses prepared under different oxygen fugacity conditions. This seminal study brought immediate attention to Georges within the geochemistry and mineralogy communities and led to his classic UV-vis, EPR, Mössbauer, and XAFS studies of transition metal environments in silicate glasses with his long-time research partner Prof. Jacqueline Petiau, in the historic Laboratoire de Minéralogie-Cristallographie de Paris (LMCP).In recognition of the very high quality of his science as well as his significant contributions to the LMCP and the University of Paris 6 and 7, Georges served as Deputy Director of the LMCP from 1997 to 2008 and is Distinguished Professor (Exceptional Class) of Earth Sciences at the University of Paris 6 (University Pierre et Marie Curie). The quality of Georges’s science has also led to his being awarded two prestigious prizes by the French Academy of Sciences—the Carrière prize in Mineralogy in 1988 and the Yvan Peyches Grand Award in Materials Science in 2002. He was also awarded the Leon Bertrand Award in Applied Earth Sciences in 2006 by the Société Géologique de France. In 2006, Georges was elected as a senior member in the Institut Universitaire de France (inaugural Chair of Mineralogy), which is a major honor for French academics. In addition to these French national awards, Georges was honored by the Mineralogical Society of America by being elected Fellow in 1989 and by being selected in 1999 for the Best Paper Award in American Mineralogist. The Stanford University School of Earth Sciences also honored Georges by naming him the Alan Cox Visiting Professor in 1992. In 2009, Georges was elected Geochemistry Fellow of the Geochemical Society and the European Association of Geo-chemistry. In 2011, he was elected to membership in Academia Europaea and also received the Schlumberger Medal of the Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland for his seminal work in mineralogy and inorganic geochemistry. Georges was elected Foreign Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2014, another major honor that highlights his excellent international scientific reputation. As mentioned earlier, Georges received the 2022 IMA Medal of Excellence in Mineralogical Sciences. In addition, Georges has presented more than 130 invited talks and plenary lectures since 1982 at international scientific meetings in disciplines ranging from mineralogy and geochemistry to materials science and glass science. In addition, he has been an outstanding mentor of over 40 Ph.D. students and post-docs during his tenure as a professor at the University of Paris 6 and 7. His impact on these students, post-docs, and collaborators from France and other countries has been enormous, based on my own observations over the past 40 years.Georges has been very active in many Earth Science organizations, including the IMA and service on IMA Commissions, and as a convenor of sessions at a number of scientific meetings. His record of service to professional Earth Science societies is second to none, as shown by the long list of his activities in these societies. Most recently, Georges has become heavily involved in mineral resources and their sustainable development, having been elected to the annual chair “Sustainable Development” in the College de France, Paris. In this role, Georges organized a highly successful international symposium at the College de France, Paris, in June 2015 on “Mineral Resources and Sustainable Development: Transformations to Prepare for the Future,” which I attended. He also served as co-convenor with me and my former student Bradford Mills in December 2017 of a Stanford University Symposium on “Mineral Resources and Their Sustainable Development,” which attracted more than 100 participants from around the world. Most recently, Georges has served on the Technical Advisory Group “Stained Glasses,” Notre Dame de Paris reconstruction project.Georges Calas’ work in the areas of mineralogy and geo-chemistry described above has changed the way we think about disordered Earth materials and the processes that form them. It has also shown us how Earth materials, in concert with microbial organisms, can sequester and, in some cases, transform toxic elements in highly complex, anthropogenically perturbed environments, thus limiting (or enhancing) their dispersal at Earth’s surface. The impact of Georges Calas’s work extends far beyond the borders of France and Europe and is comparable to the very best inorganic geochemical and mineralogical work being carried out in the world today. In looking through the list of 81 Roebling Medals awarded since 1937, I was surprised to see that only one French scientist, Raimond Castaing, was awarded the Roebling Medal in 1977 for his development of the electron microprobe. We now have two Roebling Medalists from France. Without question, Georges Calas is one of the most outstanding French and European mineralogists of his generation. He is an excellent choice for one of the highest honors in mineralogy, given his outstanding record of innovative and pioneering research in the mineral sciences.President Post, I am honored to present Professor Georges Calas for the 2023 Roebling Medal.
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来源期刊
American Mineralogist
American Mineralogist 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
9.70%
发文量
276
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: American Mineralogist: Journal of Earth and Planetary Materials (Am Min), is the flagship journal of the Mineralogical Society of America (MSA), continuously published since 1916. Am Min is home to some of the most important advances in the Earth Sciences. Our mission is a continuance of this heritage: to provide readers with reports on original scientific research, both fundamental and applied, with far reaching implications and far ranging appeal. Topics of interest cover all aspects of planetary evolution, and biological and atmospheric processes mediated by solid-state phenomena. These include, but are not limited to, mineralogy and crystallography, high- and low-temperature geochemistry, petrology, geofluids, bio-geochemistry, bio-mineralogy, synthetic materials of relevance to the Earth and planetary sciences, and breakthroughs in analytical methods of any of the aforementioned.
期刊最新文献
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