{"title":"与凸函数相关的广义数值范围和数值半径有关的若干不等式","authors":"Feras Bani-Ahmad, M. H. M. Rashid","doi":"10.1155/2024/4087305","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we delve into the intricate connections between the numerical ranges of specific operators and their transformations using a convex function. Furthermore, we derive inequalities related to the numerical radius. These relationships and inequalities are built upon well-established principles of convexity, which are applicable to non-negative real numbers and operator inequalities. To be more precise, our investigation yields the following outcome: consider the operators <svg height=\"8.68572pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.0498209pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 9.2729 8.68572\" width=\"9.2729pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g></svg> and <span><svg height=\"8.68572pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.0498209pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 7.94191 8.68572\" width=\"7.94191pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g></svg>,</span> both of which are positive and have spectra within the interval <span><svg height=\"11.439pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-2.15067pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 17.706 11.439\" width=\"17.706pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.485,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,14.742,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"11.439pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-2.15067pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"19.835183800000003 -9.28833 17.521 11.439\" width=\"17.521pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,19.885,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.693,0)\"></path></g></svg>,</span></span> denoted as <svg height=\"11.5564pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-2.26807pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 25.6752 11.5564\" width=\"25.6752pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.347,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.845,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-66\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.98,0)\"></path></g></svg> and <span><svg height=\"11.5564pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-2.26807pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 24.3442 11.5564\" width=\"24.3442pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-240\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.347,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-41\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.845,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-67\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,19.658,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-42\"></use></g></svg>.</span> In addition, let us introduce two monotone continuous functions, namely, <svg height=\"9.39034pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42943pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -5.96091 7.52435 9.39034\" width=\"7.52435pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g></svg> and <span><svg height=\"9.49473pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063999pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 6.83278 9.49473\" width=\"6.83278pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g></svg>,</span> defined on the interval <span><svg height=\"11.439pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-2.15067pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 17.706 11.439\" width=\"17.706pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-92\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.485,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-110\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,14.742,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-45\"></use></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"11.439pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-2.15067pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"19.835183800000003 -9.28833 17.521 11.439\" width=\"17.521pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,19.885,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-78\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.693,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-94\"></use></g></svg>.</span></span> Let <svg height=\"12.7178pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42947pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 8.47692 12.7178\" width=\"8.47692pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g></svg> be a positive, increasing, convex function possessing a supermultiplicative property, which means that for all real numbers <svg height=\"8.02022pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063999pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -7.81382 4.54925 8.02022\" width=\"4.54925pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g></svg> and <span><svg height=\"6.1673pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063904pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -5.96091 4.9929 6.1673\" width=\"4.9929pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g></svg>,</span> we have <span><svg height=\"12.7178pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42947pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 37.38 12.7178\" width=\"37.38pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-103\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.352,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-41\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.85,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.815,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.619,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-42\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.749,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"12.7178pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42947pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"40.9621838 -9.28833 44.344 12.7178\" width=\"44.344pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,41.012,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-103\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,49.364,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-41\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,53.862,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-117\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,58.295,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-42\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,62.793,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-103\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,71.145,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-41\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,75.643,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-116\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,80.518,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-42\"></use></g></svg>.</span></span> Under these specified conditions, we establish the following inequality: for all <span><svg height=\"9.46863pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-1.11981pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 17.503 9.46863\" width=\"17.503pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,9.872,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g117-93\"></use></g></svg><span></span><svg height=\"9.46863pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-1.11981pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"21.085183800000003 -8.34882 17.165 9.46863\" width=\"17.165pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.135,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,30.669,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g117-93\"></use></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"9.46863pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-1.11981pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"41.8821838 -8.34882 6.465 9.46863\" width=\"6.465pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,41.932,0)\"></path></g></svg>,</span></span> this outcome highlights the intricate relationship between the numerical range of the expression <svg height=\"15.0208pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.429399pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -11.5914 61.762 15.0208\" width=\"61.762pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-104\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.398,-5.741)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g185-47\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.043,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-41\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.541,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-66\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.676,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-42\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,30.174,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,40.119,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-105\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,46.828,-5.741)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,51.259,-5.741)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,56.819,-5.741)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g185-47\"></use></g></svg> when transformed by the convex function <svg height=\"12.7178pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42947pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 8.47692 12.7178\" width=\"8.47692pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-103\"></use></g></svg> and the norm of <span><svg height=\"8.68572pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.0498209pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 10.0819 8.68572\" width=\"10.0819pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-89\"></use></g></svg>.</span> Importantly, this inequality holds true for a broad range of values of <span><svg height=\"6.20643pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2585797pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -5.94785 6.02377 6.20643\" width=\"6.02377pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g185-47\"></use></g></svg>.</span> Furthermore, we provide supportive examples to validate these results.","PeriodicalId":54214,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mathematics","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Certain Inequalities Related to the Generalized Numeric Range and Numeric Radius That Are Associated with Convex Functions\",\"authors\":\"Feras Bani-Ahmad, M. H. M. Rashid\",\"doi\":\"10.1155/2024/4087305\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"In this paper, we delve into the intricate connections between the numerical ranges of specific operators and their transformations using a convex function. Furthermore, we derive inequalities related to the numerical radius. These relationships and inequalities are built upon well-established principles of convexity, which are applicable to non-negative real numbers and operator inequalities. To be more precise, our investigation yields the following outcome: consider the operators <svg height=\\\"8.68572pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-0.0498209pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 9.2729 8.68572\\\" width=\\\"9.2729pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"></path></g></svg> and <span><svg height=\\\"8.68572pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-0.0498209pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 7.94191 8.68572\\\" width=\\\"7.94191pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"></path></g></svg>,</span> both of which are positive and have spectra within the interval <span><svg height=\\\"11.439pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-2.15067pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 17.706 11.439\\\" width=\\\"17.706pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"></path></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.485,0)\\\"></path></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,14.742,0)\\\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\\\"11.439pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-2.15067pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"19.835183800000003 -9.28833 17.521 11.439\\\" width=\\\"17.521pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,19.885,0)\\\"></path></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.693,0)\\\"></path></g></svg>,</span></span> denoted as <svg height=\\\"11.5564pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-2.26807pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 25.6752 11.5564\\\" width=\\\"25.6752pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"></path></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.347,0)\\\"></path></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.845,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-66\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.98,0)\\\"></path></g></svg> and <span><svg height=\\\"11.5564pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-2.26807pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 24.3442 11.5564\\\" width=\\\"24.3442pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-240\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.347,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-41\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.845,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-67\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,19.658,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-42\\\"></use></g></svg>.</span> In addition, let us introduce two monotone continuous functions, namely, <svg height=\\\"9.39034pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-3.42943pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -5.96091 7.52435 9.39034\\\" width=\\\"7.52435pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"></path></g></svg> and <span><svg height=\\\"9.49473pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-0.2063999pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 6.83278 9.49473\\\" width=\\\"6.83278pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"></path></g></svg>,</span> defined on the interval <span><svg height=\\\"11.439pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-2.15067pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 17.706 11.439\\\" width=\\\"17.706pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-92\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.485,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-110\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,14.742,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-45\\\"></use></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\\\"11.439pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-2.15067pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"19.835183800000003 -9.28833 17.521 11.439\\\" width=\\\"17.521pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,19.885,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-78\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.693,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-94\\\"></use></g></svg>.</span></span> Let <svg height=\\\"12.7178pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-3.42947pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 8.47692 12.7178\\\" width=\\\"8.47692pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"></path></g></svg> be a positive, increasing, convex function possessing a supermultiplicative property, which means that for all real numbers <svg height=\\\"8.02022pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-0.2063999pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -7.81382 4.54925 8.02022\\\" width=\\\"4.54925pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"></path></g></svg> and <span><svg height=\\\"6.1673pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-0.2063904pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -5.96091 4.9929 6.1673\\\" width=\\\"4.9929pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"></path></g></svg>,</span> we have <span><svg height=\\\"12.7178pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-3.42947pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 37.38 12.7178\\\" width=\\\"37.38pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-103\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.352,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-41\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.85,0)\\\"></path></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.815,0)\\\"></path></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.619,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-42\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.749,0)\\\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\\\"12.7178pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-3.42947pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"40.9621838 -9.28833 44.344 12.7178\\\" width=\\\"44.344pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,41.012,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-103\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,49.364,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-41\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,53.862,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-117\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,58.295,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-42\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,62.793,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-103\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,71.145,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-41\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,75.643,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-116\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,80.518,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-42\\\"></use></g></svg>.</span></span> Under these specified conditions, we establish the following inequality: for all <span><svg height=\\\"9.46863pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-1.11981pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 17.503 9.46863\\\" width=\\\"17.503pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"></path></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,9.872,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g117-93\\\"></use></g></svg><span></span><svg height=\\\"9.46863pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-1.11981pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"21.085183800000003 -8.34882 17.165 9.46863\\\" width=\\\"17.165pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.135,0)\\\"></path></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,30.669,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g117-93\\\"></use></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\\\"9.46863pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-1.11981pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"41.8821838 -8.34882 6.465 9.46863\\\" width=\\\"6.465pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,41.932,0)\\\"></path></g></svg>,</span></span> this outcome highlights the intricate relationship between the numerical range of the expression <svg height=\\\"15.0208pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-3.429399pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -11.5914 61.762 15.0208\\\" width=\\\"61.762pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-104\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.398,-5.741)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g185-47\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.043,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-41\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.541,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-66\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.676,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-42\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,30.174,0)\\\"></path></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,40.119,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-105\\\"></use></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,46.828,-5.741)\\\"></path></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,51.259,-5.741)\\\"></path></g><g transform=\\\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,56.819,-5.741)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g185-47\\\"></use></g></svg> when transformed by the convex function <svg height=\\\"12.7178pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-3.42947pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 8.47692 12.7178\\\" width=\\\"8.47692pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\"><g transform=\\\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\\\"><use xlink:href=\\\"#g113-103\\\"></use></g></svg> and the norm of <span><svg height=\\\"8.68572pt\\\" style=\\\"vertical-align:-0.0498209pt\\\" version=\\\"1.1\\\" viewbox=\\\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 10.0819 8.68572\\\" width=\\\"10.0819pt\\\" xmlns=\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\" 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Certain Inequalities Related to the Generalized Numeric Range and Numeric Radius That Are Associated with Convex Functions
In this paper, we delve into the intricate connections between the numerical ranges of specific operators and their transformations using a convex function. Furthermore, we derive inequalities related to the numerical radius. These relationships and inequalities are built upon well-established principles of convexity, which are applicable to non-negative real numbers and operator inequalities. To be more precise, our investigation yields the following outcome: consider the operators and , both of which are positive and have spectra within the interval , denoted as and . In addition, let us introduce two monotone continuous functions, namely, and , defined on the interval . Let be a positive, increasing, convex function possessing a supermultiplicative property, which means that for all real numbers and , we have . Under these specified conditions, we establish the following inequality: for all , this outcome highlights the intricate relationship between the numerical range of the expression when transformed by the convex function and the norm of . Importantly, this inequality holds true for a broad range of values of . Furthermore, we provide supportive examples to validate these results.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Mathematics is a broad scope journal that publishes original research articles as well as review articles on all aspects of both pure and applied mathematics. As well as original research, Journal of Mathematics also publishes focused review articles that assess the state of the art, and identify upcoming challenges and promising solutions for the community.