美国老人和中国老人的心脏代谢风险与认知功能之间的关系。

Qiao Wu, Jennifer A Ailshire, Jung Ki Kim, Eileen M Crimmins
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摘要

背景:心脏代谢风险(CMR)与认知健康有关,但这种关联会受到更广泛的社会、经济和医疗背景的影响。中美两国的发展历史和流行病学历史大相径庭,因此两国老年人的心脏代谢风险与认知功能的关系可能不同:方法:使用具有全国代表性的 50 岁以上人口样本对两国的横截面和纵向 OLS 回归模型进行估计:横截面/纵向样本中,美国有 7,430/4,474 人,中国有 6,108/3,655 人:结果:在美国,CMR 越高,认知功能越差(b=-0.08,p):在美国,CMR 与认知功能之间的重要关系表明,在老年人中监测和控制 CMR 因素非常重要。中国的CMR与认知功能之间的关系不显著,这可能是由于高教育水平人群的CMR较高,这突出表明需要通过教育和推广健康的生活方式来改善心脏代谢健康。
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The Association Between Cardiometabolic Risk and Cognitive Function Among Older Americans and Chinese.

Background: Cardiometabolic risk (CMR) is associated with cognitive health, but the association can be affected by broader social, economic, and medical contexts. The United States and China have very different developmental and epidemiological histories, and thus CMR among older people could be linked to cognitive function differently in the 2 countries.

Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal ordinary least squares regression models were estimated for each country using nationally representative samples of populations over age 50: 7 430/4 474 Americans and 6 108/3 655 Chinese in the cross-sectional/longitudinal samples.

Results: In the United States, higher CMR is associated with worse cognitive function (b = -0.08, p < .016). Longitudinally, CMR increase is associated with worse cognitive function at a marginally significant level (b = -0.10, p = .055). No relationship between CMR level or change and cognitive function is observed in China. Higher education levels are linked to better cognitive function and slower cognitive decline in both countries. Unlike older Americans, relative to those with very low education levels, among older Chinese with the highest education level, a higher CMR links to better cognitive function (b = 0.63, p = .013) and slower cognitive decline (b = 0.35, p = .062); Nevertheless, a rapid increase in CMR is additionally harmful (b = -0.54, p = .050) for cognitive function and may lead to faster cognitive decline (b = -0.35, p = .079).

Conclusions: The significant relationship between CMR and cognitive function in the United States suggests the importance of monitoring and controlling CMR factors at older ages. The insignificant relationship in China may be explained by the high CMR among those with high education levels, highlighting the need for improving cardiometabolic health through education and promoting healthy lifestyles.

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