脑震荡的流行病学、病理生理学和治疗策略:全面回顾》。

Fortune journal of health sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-12 DOI:10.26502/fjhs.178
Zubair Ahmed, Fihr Chaudhary, Marcel P Fraix, Devendra K Agrawal
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引用次数: 0

摘要

脑震荡是脑外伤的一种特殊表现形式,而脑外伤是导致全球死亡和残疾的主要原因。据估计,全球脑外伤发病率为每 10 万人中有 939 例,每年约有 548 万人遭受严重脑外伤。不同国家的流行病学因社会经济状况而异,临床表现也各不相同。此外,脑震荡的分类是一个模糊的过程,因为临床诊断是目前唯一的分类方法,而且发病率因人口地点和受检人群而异。在这篇文章中,我们对脑震荡的病理生理学、分类方法、可供选择的治疗方法(包括药物和非药物干预方法)、病因以及与之相关的全球病因差异、临床表现及其相关的发病率进行了严格的审查。此外,还讨论了目前有关脑震荡创伤性脑损伤发病率的研究分析和未来发展方向。为了正确处理和治疗脑震荡引起的创伤性脑损伤,有必要研究外泌体疗法和电磁场刺激等新的治疗相关干预措施的疗效。
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Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment Strategies of Concussions: A Comprehensive Review.

A concussion is a particular manifestation of a traumatic brain injury, which is the leading cause of mortality and disabilities across the globe. The global prevalence of traumatic brain injury is estimated to be 939 instances per 100,000 individuals, with approximately 5.48 million people per year experiencing severe traumatic brain injury. Epidemiology varies amongst different countries by socioeconomic status with diverse clinical manifestations. Additionally, classifying concussions is an ambiguous process as clinical diagnoses are the only current classification method, and morbidity rates differ by demographic location as well as populations examined. In this article, we critically reviewed the pathophysiology of concussions, classification methods, treatment options available including both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic intervention methods, etiologies as well as global etiologic differences associated with them, and clinical manifestations along with their associated morbidities. Furthermore, analysis of the current research regarding the incidence of concussion based traumatic brain injuries and future directions are discussed. Investigation on the efficacy of new therapeutic-related interventions such as exosome therapy and electromagnetic field stimulation are warranted to properly manage and treat concussion-induced traumatic brain injury.

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