绘制全球土地市场生态系统服务价值流动图:大规模土地收购的赢家和输家

IF 6.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Ecosystem Services Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI:10.1016/j.ecoser.2024.101629
Luca Coscieme , Nadia Marchettini , Valentina Niccolucci , Fabio Sporchia
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引用次数: 0

摘要

生态系统服务在地方和全球范围内为人类社会提供支持。供应链的全球化导致世界各地的生态系统市场激增。陆基生态系统的生物能力(提供食物、纤维等生物质资源并从大气中清除二氧化碳)因其所提供服务的性质而尤其受到关注。由于大规模土地收购 (LSLA) 通常涉及位于全球南部的生态系统或土地和全球北部的投资者,因此可能会导致从这些生态系统及其生物能力中获得的利益被转移。以前的研究调查了 LSLAs 在生态退化方面的后果。然而,还需要更多的研究来衡量相关的不平等现象,以跟踪此类退化的全球驱动因素。本研究旨在通过测量与 LSLAs 相关的生态系统服务价值的净收益和损失来填补这一知识空白,其方法超越了普通方法,并考虑了相关国家的生物能力。这项研究的主要创新点在于对市场外价值链进行回溯,而这是迄今为止在整线作业地区研究中尚未涉及的一个方面。通过关注生物能力的经济价值,我们揭示了土地整批转让的增长趋势与割让土地国家的利益损失相伴而生。2008 年的危机引发了更多的交易,而 COVID-19 大流行则加剧了已有的损失。我们的分析表明,2021 年通过国际土地市场收购的耕地每公顷损失 15,000 美元,而森林每公顷损失 5,000 美元。最后,我们发现,在不断扩大的投资者队伍中,发展中国家的存在正在不断增加,其中大部分是从其他发展中国家收购的。
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Mapping the flows of ecosystem service values in the global land market: The winners and losers of large-scale land acquisitions

Ecosystem services support human society at both local and global scale. The globalization of supply chains led to proliferating ecosystem markets around the world. Biocapacity – the provision of biomass-based resources like food, fibers and the CO2 removal from atmosphere – of land-based ecosystems is particularly involved due to the nature of the services it provides. Since large scale-land acquisitions (LSLAs) commonly involve ecosystems or land located in the Global South and investors in the Global North, they may lead to the displacement of the benefits deriving from such ecosystems and their biocapacity. Previous studies investigated the LSLAs’ consequences in terms of ecological degradation. However, more research is needed for measuring the associated inequalities in order to track the global drivers of such degradation. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by measuring net gains and losses of ecosystem service value linked with LSLAs by superseding the common approach and considering the involved countries’ biocapacity. The key novelty consists in backtracking the off-market value chain, which is an aspect so far unexplored among LSLAs studies. By focusing on the biocapacity economic value, we reveal that the growing trend in LSLAs is coupled with loss of benefits for the countries ceding land. The analysis captures the effect of the 2008 crisis which triggered more transactions, as well as the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, which exacerbated the already existing loss. Our analysis reveals that for every hectare of cropland acquired through international land markets in 2021, 15,000 US $ were lost, while for forest the loss amounted to 5000 US $ per hectare. Finally, we reveal that developing countries’ presence is growing among the expanding pool of investors, mostly acquiring from other developing countries.

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来源期刊
Ecosystem Services
Ecosystem Services ECOLOGYENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES&-ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
CiteScore
14.90
自引率
7.90%
发文量
109
期刊介绍: Ecosystem Services is an international, interdisciplinary journal that is associated with the Ecosystem Services Partnership (ESP). The journal is dedicated to exploring the science, policy, and practice related to ecosystem services, which are the various ways in which ecosystems contribute to human well-being, both directly and indirectly. Ecosystem Services contributes to the broader goal of ensuring that the benefits of ecosystems are recognized, valued, and sustainably managed for the well-being of current and future generations. The journal serves as a platform for scholars, practitioners, policymakers, and other stakeholders to share their findings and insights, fostering collaboration and innovation in the field of ecosystem services.
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