脂肪组织中的免疫力:切开脂肪

IF 7.5 2区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Immunological Reviews Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI:10.1111/imr.13344
Troy D. Randall, Selene Meza-Perez
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引用次数: 0

摘要

众所周知,脂肪组织的功能包括储存能量、调节产热和葡萄糖稳态,其中每一种功能都与脂肪的代谢功能有关。然而,脂肪组织还具有重要的免疫功能。在本期《免疫学评论》中,我们将发表一系列文章,重点介绍脂肪组织的免疫功能,包括特化的脂肪驻留免疫细胞和脂肪相关淋巴结构的作用。重要的是,脂肪组织中免疫细胞的功能往往与脂肪细胞的代谢功能有关,反之亦然。每篇文章都将讨论这些相互影响的相互作用以及它们如何影响免疫和代谢功能。在第一篇文章中,Wang 等人11 讨论了脂肪相关巨噬细胞以及肥胖和新陈代谢如何影响其表型和功能。本期有几篇文章讨论了 T 细胞对脂肪组织炎症反应的促进或调节作用。Valentine 和 Nikolajczyk12 深入探讨了 T 细胞在肥胖相关炎症中的作用及其对代谢功能障碍的影响,而 Kallies 和 Vasanthakumar13 以及 Elkins 和 Li14 的文章则介绍了脂肪相关 Tregs 及其如何帮助预防炎症和维持代谢平衡。Okabe35以及Daley和Benezech15的文章讨论了脂肪相关淋巴集群(FALCs)的结构和功能,这些淋巴集群普遍存在于某些脂肪组织中,支持对病原体、肠道微生物和脂肪相关抗原的局部免疫反应。最后,Meher 和 McNamara16 的一篇文章描述了脂肪组织中的先天性类 B1 细胞如何调节心脏代谢疾病。重要的是,这些文章强调了小鼠和人类脂肪组织不同的物理和功能属性,人体内不同脂肪储库之间的代谢和免疫差异,以及两性之间在免疫细胞、脂肪组织和代谢功能方面的差异。在序言的最后,我们强调了这些差异对于我们理解癌症转移到内脏脂肪组织的一个具体实例--网膜--的抗肿瘤免疫是如何至关重要。这些文章共同指出了一些尚未解答的机理问题,这些问题对于更好地理解脂肪组织的免疫力非常重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Immunity in adipose tissues: Cutting through the fat

Well known functions of adipose tissue include energy storage, regulation of thermogenesis, and glucose homeostasis—each of which are associated with the metabolic functions of fat. However, adipose tissues also have important immune functions. In this issue of Immunological Reviews, we present a series of articles that highlight the immune functions of adipose tissue, including the roles of specialized adipose-resident immune cells and fat-associated lymphoid structures. Importantly, immune cell functions in adipose tissues are often linked to the metabolic functions of adipocytes and vice versa. These reciprocal interactions and how they influence both immune and metabolic functions will be discussed in each article. In the first article, Wang et al.,11 discuss adipose-associated macrophages and how obesity and metabolism impact their phenotype and function. Several articles in this issue discuss T cells as either contributors to, or regulators of, inflammatory responses in adipose tissues. Valentine and Nikolajczyk12 provide insights into the role of T cells in obesity-associated inflammation and their contribution to metabolic dysfunction, whereas an article from Kallies and Vasanthakumar13 and another from Elkins and Li14 describe adipose-associated Tregs and how they help prevent inflammation and maintain metabolic homeostasis. Articles from Okabe35 as well as from Daley and Benezech15 discuss the structure and function of fat-associated lymphoid clusters (FALCs) that are prevalent in some adipose tissues and support local immune responses to pathogens, gut-derived microbes and fat-associated antigens. Finally, an article from Meher and McNamara16 describes how innate-like B1 cells in adipose tissues regulate cardiometabolic disease. Importantly, these articles highlight the physical and functional attributes of adipose tissues that are different between mice and humans, the metabolic and immune differences between various adipose depots in the body and the differences in immune cells, adipose tissues and metabolic functions between the sexes. At the end of this preface, we highlight how these differences are critically important for our understanding of anti-tumor immunity to cancers that metastasize to a specific example of visceral adipose tissue, the omentum. Together, these articles identify some unanswered mechanistic questions that will be important to address for a better understanding of immunity in adipose tissues.

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来源期刊
Immunological Reviews
Immunological Reviews 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
16.20
自引率
1.10%
发文量
118
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Immunological Reviews is a specialized journal that focuses on various aspects of immunological research. It encompasses a wide range of topics, such as clinical immunology, experimental immunology, and investigations related to allergy and the immune system. The journal follows a unique approach where each volume is dedicated solely to a specific area of immunological research. However, collectively, these volumes aim to offer an extensive and up-to-date overview of the latest advancements in basic immunology and their practical implications in clinical settings.
期刊最新文献
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