转录和激素对脂肪 Treg 异质性和功能的控制。

IF 7.5 2区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Immunological Reviews Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI:10.1111/imr.13340
Axel Kallies, Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

脂肪组织能储存多余的能量,并产生多种调节多种生理过程(包括全身能量平衡)的因子。内脏脂肪组织(VAT)在葡萄糖代谢中扮演着尤为重要的角色,因为它的内分泌功能是食物摄取和能量消耗的基础。热量过剩会引发内脏脂肪组织炎症,从而损害胰岛素敏感性并导致代谢失调。驻留在血管内皮细胞中的调节性 T 细胞(Tregs)可抑制炎症,防止代谢性疾病。血管内皮细胞的细胞成分及其分泌产物在促进血管内皮细胞调节性 Tregs 的分化和维持方面起着至关重要的作用。重要的是,VAT 的生理学和炎症基调表现出性别特异性差异,从而导致 VAT Treg 具有很大的异质性。事实上,细胞因子和性激素能促进不同的成熟 VAT Tregs 群体的分化,每个群体都有独特的表型、平衡要求和功能。这篇综述重点介绍了大大促进我们对 VAT Treg 生物学和该领域现状的了解的主要发现,同时还讨论了需要进一步探索的开放性问题。
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Transcriptional and hormonal control of adipose Treg heterogeneity and function

Adipose tissue stores excess energy and produces a broad range of factors that regulate multiple physiological processes including systemic energy homeostasis. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) plays a particularly important role in glucose metabolism as its endocrine function underpins food uptake and energy expenditure. Caloric excess triggers VAT inflammation which can impair insulin sensitivity and cause metabolic deregulation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) that reside in the VAT suppress inflammation and protect from metabolic disease. The cellular components of VAT and its secretory products play a vital role in fostering the differentiation and maintenance of VAT Tregs. Critically, the physiology and inflammatory tone of VAT exhibit sex-specific disparities, resulting in substantial VAT Treg heterogeneity. Indeed, cytokines and sex hormones promote the differentiation of distinct populations of mature VAT Tregs, each characterized by unique phenotypes, homeostatic requirements, and functions. This review focuses on key findings that have significantly advanced our understanding of VAT Treg biology and the current state of the field, while also discussing open questions that require further exploration.

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来源期刊
Immunological Reviews
Immunological Reviews 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
16.20
自引率
1.10%
发文量
118
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Immunological Reviews is a specialized journal that focuses on various aspects of immunological research. It encompasses a wide range of topics, such as clinical immunology, experimental immunology, and investigations related to allergy and the immune system. The journal follows a unique approach where each volume is dedicated solely to a specific area of immunological research. However, collectively, these volumes aim to offer an extensive and up-to-date overview of the latest advancements in basic immunology and their practical implications in clinical settings.
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