Comparing Single-Cell Transcriptomes of Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid Leukocytes in Multiple Sclerosis

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system, marked by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Diagnosis is complex due to overlapping symptoms with other neurological conditions, typically relying on clinical evaluation, neurological exams, and tests like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Recent advances in technology, particularly single-cell analysis of blood and CSF leukocytes, hold promise for enhancing MS diagnosis by providing insights into immune cell involvement at a molecular level, potentially enabling more precise diagnostics and personalized treatments.