Ziyue Zhao , Lingchen Kong , Jinxu Sun , Yu Li , Wei Feng
{"title":"用于高能量密度 CFx 阴极的氟化聚合物衍生微孔碳球","authors":"Ziyue Zhao , Lingchen Kong , Jinxu Sun , Yu Li , Wei Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100273","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fluorinated carbon (CF<em><sub>x</sub></em>) compounds have extensive applications in lithium primary battery cathodes owing to their high energy density. In this investigation, a novel CF<em><sub>x</sub></em> compound offering superior electrochemical properties was synthesized via a low-temperature fluorination process, utilizing Pluronic F127 as a template agent and microporous carbon spheres produced through soft template-assisted high-temperature carbonization and chemical activation as precursors, and by regulating the amount of soft template F127 added. The reduction in microsphere size, narrower particle size distribution, and introduction of defects contribute to augmenting the molar ratio of F to C (F/C) of CF<em><sub>x</sub></em> while preserving the electrochemical activity of C-F bonds. The specific capacity of fluorinated polymer-derived microporous carbon spheres (FPMCSs) with a high fluorination degree rivals that of commercial fluorinated graphite (FG). The microsphere morphology and microporous structure not only furnish abundant sites for fluorination reactions in electrode processes but also facilitate Li<sup>+</sup> diffusion, ensuring ample rate capability. The synthesized FPMCSs exhibited a peak specific capacity of 1079 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> and a maximum energy density of 2679 Wh kg<sup>–1</sup> (substantially surpassing the 2180 Wh kg<sup>–1</sup> of commercial FG). Hence, the prepared FPMCSs underscore the significance of selecting suitable carbonaceous materials and designing structures deliberately, showing promising potential for achieving high energy density in CF<em><sub>x</sub></em> cathodes in the future, employing readily available and cost-effective raw materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34151,"journal":{"name":"GIANT","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666542524000389/pdfft?md5=804308d0c891d95866de51a9fe606f35&pid=1-s2.0-S2666542524000389-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Fluorinated polymer-derived microporous carbon spheres for CFx cathodes with high energy density\",\"authors\":\"Ziyue Zhao , Lingchen Kong , Jinxu Sun , Yu Li , Wei Feng\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.giant.2024.100273\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Fluorinated carbon (CF<em><sub>x</sub></em>) compounds have extensive applications in lithium primary battery cathodes owing to their high energy density. In this investigation, a novel CF<em><sub>x</sub></em> compound offering superior electrochemical properties was synthesized via a low-temperature fluorination process, utilizing Pluronic F127 as a template agent and microporous carbon spheres produced through soft template-assisted high-temperature carbonization and chemical activation as precursors, and by regulating the amount of soft template F127 added. The reduction in microsphere size, narrower particle size distribution, and introduction of defects contribute to augmenting the molar ratio of F to C (F/C) of CF<em><sub>x</sub></em> while preserving the electrochemical activity of C-F bonds. The specific capacity of fluorinated polymer-derived microporous carbon spheres (FPMCSs) with a high fluorination degree rivals that of commercial fluorinated graphite (FG). The microsphere morphology and microporous structure not only furnish abundant sites for fluorination reactions in electrode processes but also facilitate Li<sup>+</sup> diffusion, ensuring ample rate capability. The synthesized FPMCSs exhibited a peak specific capacity of 1079 mAh g<sup>–1</sup> and a maximum energy density of 2679 Wh kg<sup>–1</sup> (substantially surpassing the 2180 Wh kg<sup>–1</sup> of commercial FG). Hence, the prepared FPMCSs underscore the significance of selecting suitable carbonaceous materials and designing structures deliberately, showing promising potential for achieving high energy density in CF<em><sub>x</sub></em> cathodes in the future, employing readily available and cost-effective raw materials.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":34151,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"GIANT\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-08\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666542524000389/pdfft?md5=804308d0c891d95866de51a9fe606f35&pid=1-s2.0-S2666542524000389-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"GIANT\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666542524000389\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"GIANT","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666542524000389","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Fluorinated polymer-derived microporous carbon spheres for CFx cathodes with high energy density
Fluorinated carbon (CFx) compounds have extensive applications in lithium primary battery cathodes owing to their high energy density. In this investigation, a novel CFx compound offering superior electrochemical properties was synthesized via a low-temperature fluorination process, utilizing Pluronic F127 as a template agent and microporous carbon spheres produced through soft template-assisted high-temperature carbonization and chemical activation as precursors, and by regulating the amount of soft template F127 added. The reduction in microsphere size, narrower particle size distribution, and introduction of defects contribute to augmenting the molar ratio of F to C (F/C) of CFx while preserving the electrochemical activity of C-F bonds. The specific capacity of fluorinated polymer-derived microporous carbon spheres (FPMCSs) with a high fluorination degree rivals that of commercial fluorinated graphite (FG). The microsphere morphology and microporous structure not only furnish abundant sites for fluorination reactions in electrode processes but also facilitate Li+ diffusion, ensuring ample rate capability. The synthesized FPMCSs exhibited a peak specific capacity of 1079 mAh g–1 and a maximum energy density of 2679 Wh kg–1 (substantially surpassing the 2180 Wh kg–1 of commercial FG). Hence, the prepared FPMCSs underscore the significance of selecting suitable carbonaceous materials and designing structures deliberately, showing promising potential for achieving high energy density in CFx cathodes in the future, employing readily available and cost-effective raw materials.
期刊介绍:
Giant is an interdisciplinary title focusing on fundamental and applied macromolecular science spanning all chemistry, physics, biology, and materials aspects of the field in the broadest sense. Key areas covered include macromolecular chemistry, supramolecular assembly, multiscale and multifunctional materials, organic-inorganic hybrid materials, biophysics, biomimetics and surface science. Core topics range from developments in synthesis, characterisation and assembly towards creating uniformly sized precision macromolecules with tailored properties, to the design and assembly of nanostructured materials in multiple dimensions, and further to the study of smart or living designer materials with tuneable multiscale properties.