用问卷评估急性-COVID-19 后症状和长期-COVID 症状:一年内纵向研究。

Northern clinics of Istanbul Pub Date : 2024-04-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.14744/nci.2023.58908
Canan Emiroglu, Murat Dicle, Serap Demirelli Ozagar, Suleyman Gorpelioglu, Cenk Aypak
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摘要

目的:COVID-19 的长期后果差异很大,是一项日益严峻的全球健康挑战。本报告的目的是确定 COVID-19 后综合征(PCS)患者的症状,并评估持续症状的频率、相关因素和范围:在这项纵向研究中,487 名曾被诊断为 "严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2"(SARS-CoV-2)的成人在 2020 年 12 月 1 日至 2021 年 11 月 31 日期间到 COVID-19 后续门诊就诊,并接受了三次面对面访谈。收集的数据包括患者的人口统计学特征、合并症和症状。调查问卷共 160 个问题,内容包括:身份识别和同意、社会人口学/流行病学特征、既往病史、急性 COVID-19 的诊断和临床表现以及系统症状。采用单变量比较和多元逻辑回归对数据进行了评估:所有 PCS 患者初诊时最常见的症状分别是呼吸困难、乏力、健忘、疲劳和关节痛。第一次和第二次就诊时,从出院到随访有 6 个月或更长时间的患者最常见的症状似乎是持续性的。虽然第三次就诊时的发病率有所下降,但最常见的五种症状保持不变。在非住院患者中,出现乏力和关节痛的可能性较高。女性与最常见的持续性症状有关,而与关节痛的关系最为密切:结论:许多 COVID-19 幸存者在感染 COVID-19 后的第一年仍有持续症状。患者的合并症和吸烟状况都与 PCS 症状的严重程度无关。要更好地了解 PCS 的发病机制、诱发因素和评估方法,需要多学科团队合作。
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Evaluation of post-acute-COVID-19, and long-COVID symptoms with a questionnaire: Within one year, a longitudinal study.

Objective: Long-term consequences of COVID-19 vary widely, representing a growing global health challenge. The aim of this report was to define the presence of symptoms in post-acute-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) patients and to assess the frequency, associated factors, and the spectrum of persistent symptoms.

Methods: In this longitudinal study, 487 adults with a previously diagnosed "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2" (SARS-CoV-2) who admitted to COVID-19 follow-up outpatient clinic between December 1, 2020 and November 31, 2021 were interviewed face-to-face three times. Data was collected on patient demographics, comorbidities, and symptoms. A questionnaire of 160 questions was asked and organized into the following: identification and consent, socio-demographic/epidemiological characteristics, previous medical history, diagnosis and clinical presentation of acute COVID-19, as well as systematic symptoms. Data were evaluated using univariate comparisons and multiple logistic regression.

Results: The most prevalent symptoms among all PCS patients during their initial visit were dyspnea, weakness, forgetfulness, fatigue, and arthralgia respectively. The most common symptoms in patients with 6 months or more time from discharge to follow-up at the first and second visits, appear to be persistent. While incidence rates decreased by the third visit, the five most common symptoms remained the same. The possibility of weakness and arthralgia was found to be higher in non-hospitalized patients. Females were associated with the most common persistent symptoms and the strongest association was with arthralgia.

Conclusion: A large number of COVID-19 survivors had continuing symptoms at the first year of post-COVID-19-infection. Neither the presence of comorbidities of the patient nor smoking status were associated with the severity of PCS symptoms. A better understanding of the mechanisms, predisposing factors and evaluation require a multidisciplinary team approach.

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