阿片类药物危机中的毒品耻辱、消费文化和企业权力

IF 2.3 Q3 SUBSTANCE ABUSE Contemporary Drug Problems Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI:10.1177/00914509241254784
Liviu Alexandrescu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

最近,人们在重新思考与毒品有关的成见时,越来越多地考虑到这一概念的权力维度,以说明成见的形成是如何从政府以及其他政治或企业利益攸关方自上而下地流向无权无势者和边缘化群体的。成见本身附着在药物滥用主体的个人和集体身份上。但它同样改变了药物使用者的多重生活。在近几十年的美国阿片类药物危机中,可以看到大型制药公司游说医学界,利用他们的力量消除阿片类止痛药的污名化,作为更广泛的营销和销售战略的一部分。这与阿片类药物相关的死亡人数不断上升以及对一些最弱势群体的伤害不断增加有关。这篇理论文章将毒品的客体-成见定位在 "边缘资本主义"(通过消费寻求快乐和意义的驱动力)和 "姑息资本主义"(将归因于个人而非系统的疾病病理化和药物化的驱动力)的文化限制之间。报告认为,成见应被视为一种动态的力量,在消费文化的幌子和科学理性的面纱下,它可以被商业精英操纵,以潜在的有利于社会危害的方式,改变围绕疼痛、快乐和成瘾的意义。
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Drug Stigma, Consumer Culture, and Corporate Power in the Opioid Crisis
Recent efforts to rethink drug-related stigma have been increasingly considering the power dimension of the concept, to show how stigma formations flow top-down from governments, as well as other political or corporate stakeholders, towards the powerless and marginalised. Stigma attaches itself to the individual and collective identities of the substance-using subject. But it equally alters the multiple lives of the substance. In the US opioid crisis of recent decades, big pharma companies could be seen lobbying the medical profession and harnessing their power to destigmatise opioid painkillers, as part of wider marketing and sales strategies. This has been subsequently linked with rising opioid-related fatalities and spiralling harms among some of the most vulnerable groups. This theoretical paper locates the object-stigma of drugs between the cultural confines of ‘limbic capitalism’ (the drive to seek pleasure and meaning through consumption) and ‘palliative capitalism’ (the drive to pathologise and medicate ills attributed to the individual, but not the system). It argues that stigma should be viewed as a dynamic force which, under the guise of consumer culture and the veil of scientific rationality, can be manipulated by business elites to shift meanings around pain, pleasure, and addiction, in ways that are potentially conducive to social harms.
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来源期刊
Contemporary Drug Problems
Contemporary Drug Problems Social Sciences-Law
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
23
期刊介绍: Contemporary Drug Problems is a scholarly journal that publishes peer-reviewed social science research on alcohol and other psychoactive drugs, licit and illicit. The journal’s orientation is multidisciplinary and international; it is open to any research paper that contributes to social, cultural, historical or epidemiological knowledge and theory concerning drug use and related problems. While Contemporary Drug Problems publishes all types of social science research on alcohol and other drugs, it recognizes that innovative or challenging research can sometimes struggle to find a suitable outlet. The journal therefore particularly welcomes original studies for which publication options are limited, including historical research, qualitative studies, and policy and legal analyses. In terms of readership, Contemporary Drug Problems serves a burgeoning constituency of social researchers as well as policy makers and practitioners working in health, welfare, social services, public policy, criminal justice and law enforcement.
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