Modeling Driver Injury Severity using Machine Learning Algorithms

This study planned to predict and analyze the driver injury severity (DIS) using twelve machine learning (ML) algorithms. Police reports of single and two-vehicle accidents that occurred during 2011–2020 in the two cities of India (Itanagar and Imphal) were used in this study. The best-performing model to predict the DIS for Itanagar was Gradient Boosting Trees (GBT). ‘Causes of Accident’ variable had shown maximum impact on the DIS. In the case of Imphal, it was the GBT, Extra Trees, and Random Forest models across all k-fold cross-validation for train ratios 0.70, 0.80, and 0.90, respectively. ‘Causes of Accident’, and ‘Vehicle Type’ had shown maximum impact on the DIS. These results reveal that the ML models can be applied in hilly areas to predict and identify the important factors that affect DIS. Transportation authorities can analyze road accident data using these models while implementing various road safety measures.