{"title":"基于对称消除法的脑出血电容断层扫描(ECT)检测研究","authors":"Jing Huang, Feng Chen, Ke Wang, Sheng Chen","doi":"10.3389/fphy.2024.1392767","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Currently, there is an urgent need for a fast and portable intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) detection technology for pre-hospital emergency scenarios. Owing to the disproportionately elevated permittivity of blood compared to other brain tissues, Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) offers a viable modality for mapping the spatial distribution of permittivity within the brain, thus facilitating the imaging-based identification of ICH. Currently, ECT is confined to time-differential imaging due to limited sensitivity, and this methodology requires non-hemorrhagic measurements for comparison, data that are frequently inaccessible in clinical contexts. To overcome this limitation, in accordance with the natural bilateral symmetry of the cerebral hemispheres, a symmetrical cancellation scheme is introduced. In this method, electrodes are uniformly arrayed around the cranial periphery and strategically positioned in a symmetrical manner relative to the sagittal suture. Subsequently, the measured capacitances for each electrode pair are subtracted from those of their symmetrical counterparts aligned with the sagittal suture. As a result, this process isolates the capacitance attributable solely to hemorrhagic events within a given hemisphere, permitting the absolute imaging of ICH. To assess the feasibility of this method, simulation and empirical imaging were conducted respectively on a numerical hemorrhage model and three physical models (a water-wrapped hemorrhage model, an isolated porcine fat-wrapped hemorrhage model, and an isolated porcine brain tissue-wrapped hemorrhage model). Traditional absolute imaging, time-differential imaging and symmetrical cancellation imaging were performed on all models. The results substantiate that the proposed imaging modality is capable of obtaining absolute imaging of ICH. But a mirrored artifact, symmetrical to the site of the actual hemorrhage image appeared in each of the imaging results. This mirror artifact was characterized by identical dimensions and an inverted pixel-value schema, an intrinsic consequence of the symmetrical cancellation imaging algorithm. The real image of hemorrhage can be ascertained through pre-judgment with the symptoms of the patient. Additionally, the quality of this imaging is seriously dependent on the precise alignment between the electrodes and the sagittal suture of the brain; even a minor deviation in symmetry could introduce excessive noises. Thus, the complicated operational procedures remain as challenges for practical application.","PeriodicalId":12507,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Research on electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) detection of cerebral hemorrhage based on symmetrical cancellation method\",\"authors\":\"Jing Huang, Feng Chen, Ke Wang, Sheng Chen\",\"doi\":\"10.3389/fphy.2024.1392767\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Currently, there is an urgent need for a fast and portable intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) detection technology for pre-hospital emergency scenarios. Owing to the disproportionately elevated permittivity of blood compared to other brain tissues, Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) offers a viable modality for mapping the spatial distribution of permittivity within the brain, thus facilitating the imaging-based identification of ICH. Currently, ECT is confined to time-differential imaging due to limited sensitivity, and this methodology requires non-hemorrhagic measurements for comparison, data that are frequently inaccessible in clinical contexts. To overcome this limitation, in accordance with the natural bilateral symmetry of the cerebral hemispheres, a symmetrical cancellation scheme is introduced. In this method, electrodes are uniformly arrayed around the cranial periphery and strategically positioned in a symmetrical manner relative to the sagittal suture. Subsequently, the measured capacitances for each electrode pair are subtracted from those of their symmetrical counterparts aligned with the sagittal suture. As a result, this process isolates the capacitance attributable solely to hemorrhagic events within a given hemisphere, permitting the absolute imaging of ICH. To assess the feasibility of this method, simulation and empirical imaging were conducted respectively on a numerical hemorrhage model and three physical models (a water-wrapped hemorrhage model, an isolated porcine fat-wrapped hemorrhage model, and an isolated porcine brain tissue-wrapped hemorrhage model). Traditional absolute imaging, time-differential imaging and symmetrical cancellation imaging were performed on all models. The results substantiate that the proposed imaging modality is capable of obtaining absolute imaging of ICH. But a mirrored artifact, symmetrical to the site of the actual hemorrhage image appeared in each of the imaging results. This mirror artifact was characterized by identical dimensions and an inverted pixel-value schema, an intrinsic consequence of the symmetrical cancellation imaging algorithm. The real image of hemorrhage can be ascertained through pre-judgment with the symptoms of the patient. Additionally, the quality of this imaging is seriously dependent on the precise alignment between the electrodes and the sagittal suture of the brain; even a minor deviation in symmetry could introduce excessive noises. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目前,院前急救急需一种快速、便携的脑出血(ICH)检测技术。由于血液的介电常数比其他脑组织高得不成比例,电容断层扫描(ECT)为绘制脑内介电常数的空间分布图提供了一种可行的模式,从而促进了基于成像的 ICH 识别。目前,ECT 因灵敏度有限而仅限于时差成像,而且这种方法需要非出血测量数据进行比较,而这些数据在临床上往往无法获得。为了克服这一局限性,根据大脑半球的天然双侧对称性,引入了对称消除方案。在这种方法中,电极均匀地排列在颅骨周围,并以相对于矢状缝的对称方式进行战略定位。随后,从与矢状缝对齐的对称电极对中减去每个电极对的测量电容。因此,这一过程可分离出仅由特定半球内出血事件引起的电容,从而对 ICH 进行绝对成像。为了评估这种方法的可行性,分别对一个出血数值模型和三个物理模型(水包裹出血模型、猪脂肪包裹出血模型和猪脑组织包裹出血模型)进行了模拟和经验成像。对所有模型都进行了传统的绝对成像、时差成像和对称消除成像。结果证明,所提出的成像模式能够获得 ICH 的绝对成像。但在每个成像结果中都出现了与实际出血部位对称的镜像伪影。这种镜像伪影的特征是尺寸相同,像素值模式颠倒,这是对称取消成像算法的内在结果。出血的真实图像可以通过与患者的症状进行预先判断来确定。此外,这种成像的质量严重依赖于电极与大脑矢状缝之间的精确对齐;即使是对称性的微小偏差也会带来过多的噪声。因此,复杂的操作程序仍然是实际应用的挑战。
Research on electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) detection of cerebral hemorrhage based on symmetrical cancellation method
Currently, there is an urgent need for a fast and portable intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) detection technology for pre-hospital emergency scenarios. Owing to the disproportionately elevated permittivity of blood compared to other brain tissues, Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) offers a viable modality for mapping the spatial distribution of permittivity within the brain, thus facilitating the imaging-based identification of ICH. Currently, ECT is confined to time-differential imaging due to limited sensitivity, and this methodology requires non-hemorrhagic measurements for comparison, data that are frequently inaccessible in clinical contexts. To overcome this limitation, in accordance with the natural bilateral symmetry of the cerebral hemispheres, a symmetrical cancellation scheme is introduced. In this method, electrodes are uniformly arrayed around the cranial periphery and strategically positioned in a symmetrical manner relative to the sagittal suture. Subsequently, the measured capacitances for each electrode pair are subtracted from those of their symmetrical counterparts aligned with the sagittal suture. As a result, this process isolates the capacitance attributable solely to hemorrhagic events within a given hemisphere, permitting the absolute imaging of ICH. To assess the feasibility of this method, simulation and empirical imaging were conducted respectively on a numerical hemorrhage model and three physical models (a water-wrapped hemorrhage model, an isolated porcine fat-wrapped hemorrhage model, and an isolated porcine brain tissue-wrapped hemorrhage model). Traditional absolute imaging, time-differential imaging and symmetrical cancellation imaging were performed on all models. The results substantiate that the proposed imaging modality is capable of obtaining absolute imaging of ICH. But a mirrored artifact, symmetrical to the site of the actual hemorrhage image appeared in each of the imaging results. This mirror artifact was characterized by identical dimensions and an inverted pixel-value schema, an intrinsic consequence of the symmetrical cancellation imaging algorithm. The real image of hemorrhage can be ascertained through pre-judgment with the symptoms of the patient. Additionally, the quality of this imaging is seriously dependent on the precise alignment between the electrodes and the sagittal suture of the brain; even a minor deviation in symmetry could introduce excessive noises. Thus, the complicated operational procedures remain as challenges for practical application.
期刊介绍:
Frontiers in Physics publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research across the entire field, from experimental, to computational and theoretical physics. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, engineers and the public worldwide.