公证人在订立真实契约时滥用情形的法律后果

Rifandika Naufal Afif, Andi Ihsan, Dita Elvia Kusuma Putri
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摘要

在其发展过程中,由于《民法典》第 1320 条第一条件中包含的缺席协议而取消协议的诉讼并不局限于《民法典》第 1321 条,如疏忽、胁迫和欺诈,但在其发展过程中出现了新的原因,即 misbruik van omstandigheiden。在实践中,提出与分类有关的问题可以归类为滥用情形和公证人在被证明有滥用情形的契约中的责任。本研究旨在分析公证人在制作真实契约时滥用情形的法律后果。法律问题包括:1)首先,制作真实契约时滥用情形的标准;2)其次,因滥用情形而被撤销的真实契约中公证人的责任。本研究是一项规范性研究,采用了法定方法、概念方法和案例方法。在此研究的基础上,我们发现:第一,公证契约中滥用情形的标准包括:a. 一方当事人遭受了损失;b. 当事人在达成协议时滥用了机会,包括经济上和心理上的滥用。其次,公证员在公证契约中确实存在滥用情形时的责任,那么根据错误的分类,必须要看是否存在错误,是公证员故意为之,还是由于疏忽大意,在做某些事情时出现错误。关键词:滥用情形;公证;公证人的责任。
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Akibat Hukum Bagi Notaris Terhadap Penyalahgunaan Keadaan Dalam Pembuatan Akta Autentik
In its development, the lawsuit for canceling e agreement due to the absence agreement as included in first condition Article 1320 of the Civil Code, is not limited to Article 1321 of the Civil Code, such as oversight, coercion and fraud, but in its development new reasons emerge, namely misbruik van omstandigheiden. In practice, raising questions related to classification can be categorized abuse of circumstances and the notary's responsibility in a deed that is proven to have an abuse of circumstances. This study to analyze the legal consequences of misuse of circumstances in making authentic deeds for notaries. The legal issues, are, 1) First, the criteria abuse circumstances in making an authentic deed, 2) Second, the responsibility of the notary an authentic deed which was canceled due to a misuse of circumstances. This research is a normative research with a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. Based on this research, it was found that First, the criteria for misuse of circumstances in a notarial deed include: a. There is a loss suffered by one party; and b. There was abuse of opportunity by the parties at the time of the agreement, both economic and psychological abuse. Second, the notary's responsibility in the event that the deed does contain misuse of circumstances, then according to the classification of the error, it must be seen whether there was an error, whether intentional by the notary or an error, due to negligence in doing certain things. KEYWORDS: Abuse of Circumstances, Notary, Responsibility of the notary.
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