Massimo Rippa*, Andrea Pasqualini, Gelsomina Manganiello, Sheridan Lois Woo, Pasquale Mormile and Catello Pane,
{"title":"用红外成像技术评估野生火箭草(Diplotaxis tenuifolia)在感染初期对镰刀菌枯萎病的反应","authors":"Massimo Rippa*, Andrea Pasqualini, Gelsomina Manganiello, Sheridan Lois Woo, Pasquale Mormile and Catello Pane, ","doi":"10.1021/acsagscitech.3c00582","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >Wild rocket is a baby-leaf vegetable crop devoted to the high-convenience food chain for the preparation of ready-to-eat salads. Healthiness and ecological management of crops are the requirements increasingly demanded by the market. On the other hand, very intensive cultivations under greenhouse are prone to fungal soil-borne pathogen attacks, such as <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> <i>f. sp.</i> <i>raphani</i>, the causal agent of wilting. Control strategies currently include chemical and nonchemical means, but the implementation of digital systems able to support detection of outbreaks and promote optimization of interventions may concur to increase efficacy of management strategies. Thermography, based on the recording and analysis of thermal energy emitted by plant canopy in the infrared spectral range, is a well-known imaging technique able to monitor plants at both proximal and remote scales providing information on incipient plant stresses. In this work, wild rocket plants subjected to artificial infection with pathogen conidia performed by a dipping or flooding method were monitored during the pathogenesis by both passive and active thermographic approaches. Canopy temperature changes were compared with symptom severity indices measured by visual inspection on both inoculated and control plants. As key result of this study, depending on the inoculum concentration, passive thermography allowed classifying infected plants 30–48 h post inoculation (hpi) by dipping, and in coherence with the disease symptoms detection by visual inspection. Similar results were found in the case of the flooding inoculation, where infected plants were detected by thermography at 48 h.p.i. Active thermography revealed a decrease in leaf heat capacity attributable to the fungal infection and the subsequent tissue colonization over time. These findings constitute a solid base of knowledge about the thermal imaging applied to wild rocket affected by Fusarium wilting, and they can contribute to the development of new remote sensing systems for the detection of primary outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":93846,"journal":{"name":"ACS agricultural science & technology","volume":"4 5","pages":"544–553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Infrared Imaging to Assess the Wild Rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia) Response to Fusarium Wilt in the Early Stages of Infection\",\"authors\":\"Massimo Rippa*, Andrea Pasqualini, Gelsomina Manganiello, Sheridan Lois Woo, Pasquale Mormile and Catello Pane, \",\"doi\":\"10.1021/acsagscitech.3c00582\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p >Wild rocket is a baby-leaf vegetable crop devoted to the high-convenience food chain for the preparation of ready-to-eat salads. Healthiness and ecological management of crops are the requirements increasingly demanded by the market. On the other hand, very intensive cultivations under greenhouse are prone to fungal soil-borne pathogen attacks, such as <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> <i>f. sp.</i> <i>raphani</i>, the causal agent of wilting. Control strategies currently include chemical and nonchemical means, but the implementation of digital systems able to support detection of outbreaks and promote optimization of interventions may concur to increase efficacy of management strategies. Thermography, based on the recording and analysis of thermal energy emitted by plant canopy in the infrared spectral range, is a well-known imaging technique able to monitor plants at both proximal and remote scales providing information on incipient plant stresses. In this work, wild rocket plants subjected to artificial infection with pathogen conidia performed by a dipping or flooding method were monitored during the pathogenesis by both passive and active thermographic approaches. Canopy temperature changes were compared with symptom severity indices measured by visual inspection on both inoculated and control plants. As key result of this study, depending on the inoculum concentration, passive thermography allowed classifying infected plants 30–48 h post inoculation (hpi) by dipping, and in coherence with the disease symptoms detection by visual inspection. Similar results were found in the case of the flooding inoculation, where infected plants were detected by thermography at 48 h.p.i. Active thermography revealed a decrease in leaf heat capacity attributable to the fungal infection and the subsequent tissue colonization over time. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
野生火箭菜是一种嫩叶蔬菜作物,专门用于制作即食沙拉的高便利食品链。市场对作物的健康和生态管理要求越来越高。另一方面,大棚内的密集栽培很容易受到土传真菌病原体的侵袭,例如枯萎病的病原体 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani。目前的控制策略包括化学和非化学手段,但实施能够支持检测疫情和促进优化干预措施的数字系统,可能会提高管理策略的效率。热成像技术基于对植物冠层在红外光谱范围内发出的热能的记录和分析,是一种著名的成像技术,能够在近距离和远距离监测植物,提供有关植物初期压力的信息。在这项工作中,通过被动和主动热成像方法,对采用浸渍或浸水方法人工感染病原体分生孢子的野生火箭草进行了病原发生过程的监测。将冠层温度变化与接种植株和对照植株通过目测测量的症状严重程度指数进行了比较。这项研究的主要结果是,根据接种物浓度的不同,被动热成像技术可在浸渍接种后 30-48 小时对受感染的植物进行分类,并与目测发现的病害症状保持一致。主动热成像显示,随着时间的推移,真菌感染和随后的组织定殖导致叶片热容量下降。这些发现为应用于受枯萎镰刀菌影响的野生火箭的热成像技术奠定了坚实的知识基础,并有助于开发新的遥感系统来检测原发性疫情。
Infrared Imaging to Assess the Wild Rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia) Response to Fusarium Wilt in the Early Stages of Infection
Wild rocket is a baby-leaf vegetable crop devoted to the high-convenience food chain for the preparation of ready-to-eat salads. Healthiness and ecological management of crops are the requirements increasingly demanded by the market. On the other hand, very intensive cultivations under greenhouse are prone to fungal soil-borne pathogen attacks, such as Fusarium oxysporumf. sp.raphani, the causal agent of wilting. Control strategies currently include chemical and nonchemical means, but the implementation of digital systems able to support detection of outbreaks and promote optimization of interventions may concur to increase efficacy of management strategies. Thermography, based on the recording and analysis of thermal energy emitted by plant canopy in the infrared spectral range, is a well-known imaging technique able to monitor plants at both proximal and remote scales providing information on incipient plant stresses. In this work, wild rocket plants subjected to artificial infection with pathogen conidia performed by a dipping or flooding method were monitored during the pathogenesis by both passive and active thermographic approaches. Canopy temperature changes were compared with symptom severity indices measured by visual inspection on both inoculated and control plants. As key result of this study, depending on the inoculum concentration, passive thermography allowed classifying infected plants 30–48 h post inoculation (hpi) by dipping, and in coherence with the disease symptoms detection by visual inspection. Similar results were found in the case of the flooding inoculation, where infected plants were detected by thermography at 48 h.p.i. Active thermography revealed a decrease in leaf heat capacity attributable to the fungal infection and the subsequent tissue colonization over time. These findings constitute a solid base of knowledge about the thermal imaging applied to wild rocket affected by Fusarium wilting, and they can contribute to the development of new remote sensing systems for the detection of primary outbreaks.