从婴儿期到儿童后期,母亲的心理困扰与儿童的气质特征

JCPP advances Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI:10.1002/jcv2.12242
Marius Lahti-Pulkkinen, Anna Lähdepuro, Jari Lahti, Polina Girchenko, Riikka Pyhälä, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Pia M. Villa, Hannele Laivuori, Eero Kajantie, Kati Heinonen, Katri Räikkönen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

孕期母亲的心理困扰与婴儿的气质有关。我们的研究包括芬兰前瞻性先兆子痫和宫内生长受限预测与预防研究中的母子二人组。母亲们填写了流行病学研究中心的抑郁量表、状态焦虑量表和知觉压力量表:怀孕期间每两周一次,最多 14 次;婴儿期(孩子 4-12 个月时)一次;儿童后期(孩子 7-11 岁时)一次。他们还在婴儿期(n = 2538)完成了婴儿行为问卷修订版,在儿童后期(n = 2004;1693 名儿童在两次随访中都有数据)完成了儿童性情问卷,对儿童的消极情绪、外向性和努力控制能力进行了随访。我们采用线性回归、线性混合和贝叶斯相关生命历程暴露模型研究了母亲窘迫与儿童气质的关系。从婴儿期到童年晚期,母亲在怀孕期间的痛苦也与孩子消极情绪的增加、努力控制能力的下降以及外向性的较小下降有关。儿童晚期的气质和气质变化与母亲同时面临的困境无关。儿童晚期是母亲的痛苦对儿童晚期负性情感和努力控制产生终生影响的敏感期。母亲在怀孕期间的心理困扰与个体差异以及儿童从婴儿期到儿童晚期的气质变化有关。然而,孕期心理困扰对儿童晚期气质的影响要小于母体同时存在的心理困扰。
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Maternal psychological distress and temperament traits in children from infancy to late childhood

Background

Maternal psychological distress during pregnancy is associated with infant temperament. Whether associations persist into late childhood, whether maternal distress is associated with temperament change from infancy to late childhood, whether associations are independent of maternal concurrent distress, and whether maternal distress has sensitive exposure periods on child temperament remain unclear.

Methods

Our study includes mother-child dyads from Finnish, prospective Prediction and Prevention of Preeclampsia and Intrauterine Growth Restriction study. The mothers completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, State Anxiety Inventory and Perceived Stress Scale: biweekly up to 14 times during pregnancy; once in infancy (at child age 4–12 months); and once in late childhood (at child age 7–11 years). They also completed the Infant Behavior Questionnaire Revised at the infancy (n = 2538) and Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire at the late childhood (n = 2004; 1693 children had data at both follow-ups) follow-up on child negative affectivity, extraversion and effortful control. We examined the associations of maternal distress with child temperament with linear regression, linear mixed and Bayesian relevant lifecourse exposure models.

Results

Maternal distress during pregnancy was associated with higher negative affectivity and lower effortful control in children in infancy and late childhood. Maternal distress during pregnancy was also associated with increases in negative affectivity, decreases in effortful Control, and smaller decreases in extraversion from infancy to late childhood. The associations with late childhood temperament and temperament change were independent of maternal concurrent distress. Late childhood was a sensitive period for lifetime-to-date effects of maternal distress on late childhood negative affectivity and effortful control. Distress during pregnancy and infancy had smaller contributions.

Conclusions

Maternal psychological distress during pregnancy is associated with individual differences and change in child temperament from infancy to late childhood. However, distress during pregnancy has a smaller effect on late childhood temperament than maternal concurrent distress.

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