关于影响植牙成功因素的现代科学概念

Sergey Serebryanyy, Alexander Dymnikov
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摘要

在种植体系统和种植体上部结构千变万化的现代社会中,牙科医生-种植体学家要想在借助种植体和以种植体为基础的义齿修复领域全面开展工作,就必须了解各种结构元素必须满足的标准,无论该结构是单颗牙齿、牙桥,还是用上述结构修复的全口牙齿。根据现代科学理念,种植体和在其帮助下修复的牙齿的长期存活受到各种机械和生物因素的影响,例如:转换平台、基台与种植体的连接类型,包括锥体、其角度、内部或外部多面体、螺纹的类型和形状、将上部结构固定在牙科种植体轴上的螺钉(DI)的涂层、软组织的状况以及本文披露的其他因素。这篇文章将有助于牙医在使用基于 DI 的各种修复体修复牙齿时熟悉现代趋势和有关种植体-修复体复合体各种要素的科学事实。这篇文章还有助于临床医生从医疗器械市场上的众多产品中选择符合现代可靠性和效率标准的种植系统。作者团队建议在医科大学牙科学院学习的高年级学生和住院医师阅读这篇文章,以便更深入地了解在不久的将来,他们在成为矫形牙医或牙科医生时必须考虑的条件。
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MODERN SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTIONS ABOUT THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SUCCESS OF DENTAL IMPLANTATION
For the full-fledged work of a dentist-implantologist working in the field of replenishment of dentition with the help of dental implants and prostheses based on them in the modern realities of excessive variability of implant systems and suprastructures for them, the clinician needs to understand the criteria that various structural elements must meet, regardless of whether the structure is a single tooth, a bridge, or a full dentition restored with the above structure. In accordance with modern scientific concepts, the long-term survival of implants and teeth restored with their help is influenced by various mechanical and biological factors, such as: switching platforms, the type of connection of the abutment to the implant body, including the cone, its angle, internal or external polyhedron, the type and shape of the thread, the coating of the screw fixing the superstructure to the shaft of the dental implant (DI), the condition of the soft tissues and other factors disclosed in this article. The article will be useful for dentists involved in the restoration of dentition using various types of prostheses based on DI to become familiar with modern trends and scientifically proven facts about various elements of the implant-prosthesis complex. The article will also be useful for the clinician to select an implantological system that meets modern criteria of reliability and efficiency among the many variations presented on the medical device market. The team of authors recommends that the article be read by senior students and residents studying at the dental faculties of medical universities for a deeper understanding of the conditions that in the near future they will have to take into account when following the path of an orthopedic dentist or dental surgeon.
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