Juntao Yang , Florian Haßfurther , Felix Hilpert , Zarah Hussain , Tian Yang , Nicola Taccardi , Peter Wasserscheid , Olaf Brummel , Jörg Libuda
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The oxidation of 2,3-butanediol is highly structure dependent. On all three surfaces, the two products formed are acetoin and diacetyl, i.e. either one or two alcohol functionalities are oxidized. However, we observe distinct features on the different surfaces with respect to activity, potential window of oxidation, and selectivity. Only the Pt(1<!--> <!-->0<!--> <!-->0) surface is active towards C<img>C bond cleavage. The latter reaction leads to the formation of CO<sub>ads</sub> and poisoning of the catalyst. Modification of this surface by addition of the IL leads to an increase of the selectivity for acetoin from 51 % to 78 % (at 1.1 V<sub>RHE</sub>). In addition, C<img>C bond cleavage is suppressed, no CO is formed, and the surface remains active for the target reaction. We attribute these effects to the reversible and structure dependent adsorption of the [OTf]<sup>−</sup> anions on the Pt surfaces and additional interionic interactions. Our results demonstrate the potential of ILs to control selectivity in electrocatalytic reactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Catalysis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021951724002549/pdfft?md5=95c158343c000f875272d31bc35a0be2&pid=1-s2.0-S0021951724002549-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"CC bond cleavage in the electrooxidation of 2,3-butanediol controlled by an ionic liquid modifier\",\"authors\":\"Juntao Yang , Florian Haßfurther , Felix Hilpert , Zarah Hussain , Tian Yang , Nicola Taccardi , Peter Wasserscheid , Olaf Brummel , Jörg Libuda\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jcat.2024.115541\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>In heterogeneous catalysis, ionic liquids (ILs) are used as chemical modifiers to control selectivity. In our work, we aim to apply the same concept to electrocatalytic systems. As a model reaction, we studied the electrooxidation of 2,3-butanediol on the low-index Pt(1<!--> <!-->1<!--> <!-->1), Pt(1<!--> <!-->0<!--> <!-->0) and Pt(1<!--> <!-->1<!--> <!-->0) surfaces in an acidic environment. We used the IL 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([C<sub>2</sub>C<sub>1</sub>Im][OTf]) dissolved in an aqueous electrolyte as a catalyst modifier. The reaction mechanisms were investigated by electrochemical infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (EC-IRRAS). The oxidation of 2,3-butanediol is highly structure dependent. On all three surfaces, the two products formed are acetoin and diacetyl, i.e. either one or two alcohol functionalities are oxidized. However, we observe distinct features on the different surfaces with respect to activity, potential window of oxidation, and selectivity. Only the Pt(1<!--> <!-->0<!--> <!-->0) surface is active towards C<img>C bond cleavage. The latter reaction leads to the formation of CO<sub>ads</sub> and poisoning of the catalyst. Modification of this surface by addition of the IL leads to an increase of the selectivity for acetoin from 51 % to 78 % (at 1.1 V<sub>RHE</sub>). In addition, C<img>C bond cleavage is suppressed, no CO is formed, and the surface remains active for the target reaction. We attribute these effects to the reversible and structure dependent adsorption of the [OTf]<sup>−</sup> anions on the Pt surfaces and additional interionic interactions. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
在异相催化中,离子液体 (IL) 被用作化学改性剂来控制选择性。在我们的工作中,我们旨在将同样的概念应用于电催化系统。作为一个模型反应,我们研究了在酸性环境中,2,3-丁二醇在低指数铂(1 1 1)、铂(1 0 0)和铂(1 1 0)表面上的电氧化反应。我们使用溶解在水性电解液中的 IL 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([C2C1Im][OTf]) 作为催化剂改性剂。反应机理通过电化学红外反射吸收光谱(EC-IRRAS)进行了研究。2,3-丁二醇的氧化与结构高度相关。在所有三种表面上,形成的两种产物是乙炔酐和双乙酰基,即一个或两个醇官能团被氧化。不过,我们观察到不同的表面在活性、潜在氧化窗口和选择性方面具有不同的特征。只有铂(1 0 0)表面对 CC 键裂解具有活性。后一种反应会导致 COads 的形成和催化剂中毒。通过添加 IL 对该表面进行改性,可将对乙炔的选择性从 51% 提高到 78%(1.1 VRHE 时)。此外,CC 键的裂解受到抑制,没有 CO 生成,表面对目标反应保持活性。我们将这些效应归因于[OTf]- 阴离子在铂表面的可逆吸附和结构依赖性以及额外的离子间相互作用。我们的研究结果表明,ILs 具有控制电催化反应选择性的潜力。
CC bond cleavage in the electrooxidation of 2,3-butanediol controlled by an ionic liquid modifier
In heterogeneous catalysis, ionic liquids (ILs) are used as chemical modifiers to control selectivity. In our work, we aim to apply the same concept to electrocatalytic systems. As a model reaction, we studied the electrooxidation of 2,3-butanediol on the low-index Pt(1 1 1), Pt(1 0 0) and Pt(1 1 0) surfaces in an acidic environment. We used the IL 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([C2C1Im][OTf]) dissolved in an aqueous electrolyte as a catalyst modifier. The reaction mechanisms were investigated by electrochemical infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (EC-IRRAS). The oxidation of 2,3-butanediol is highly structure dependent. On all three surfaces, the two products formed are acetoin and diacetyl, i.e. either one or two alcohol functionalities are oxidized. However, we observe distinct features on the different surfaces with respect to activity, potential window of oxidation, and selectivity. Only the Pt(1 0 0) surface is active towards CC bond cleavage. The latter reaction leads to the formation of COads and poisoning of the catalyst. Modification of this surface by addition of the IL leads to an increase of the selectivity for acetoin from 51 % to 78 % (at 1.1 VRHE). In addition, CC bond cleavage is suppressed, no CO is formed, and the surface remains active for the target reaction. We attribute these effects to the reversible and structure dependent adsorption of the [OTf]− anions on the Pt surfaces and additional interionic interactions. Our results demonstrate the potential of ILs to control selectivity in electrocatalytic reactions.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Catalysis publishes scholarly articles on both heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis, covering a wide range of chemical transformations. These include various types of catalysis, such as those mediated by photons, plasmons, and electrons. The focus of the studies is to understand the relationship between catalytic function and the underlying chemical properties of surfaces and metal complexes.
The articles in the journal offer innovative concepts and explore the synthesis and kinetics of inorganic solids and homogeneous complexes. Furthermore, they discuss spectroscopic techniques for characterizing catalysts, investigate the interaction of probes and reacting species with catalysts, and employ theoretical methods.
The research presented in the journal should have direct relevance to the field of catalytic processes, addressing either fundamental aspects or applications of catalysis.