Hydrazine-1-Carboxamide Conjugated Silver Nanoprobe for Trace Level Detection of Hg2+ with Potent Antibacterial Activity

Chemical sensors are detecting probes that translate information of analyte into a quantifiable signal for chemical exploration studies. Fabrication of (E)-2-(5-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-iodobenzylidene) hydrazine-1-carboxamide stabilized silver nanoparticles (1c-AgNPs) is one-dimensional synthesis avenue in present study exhibiting the ability of metal cations detection and selectivity of sensing mercury (Hg²⁺) ions in various samples of water and cosmetic creams. The newly synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were comprehensively elucidated by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), zeta-sizer, atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation analysis. 33.2 ± 1.3 nm sized polydispersed nanoparticles showed selective, sensitive and efficient detection of Hg²⁺ ions with detection limit of 0.274 µM by significant quenching in UV-Vis spectral band at 410 nm in real water and cosmetic cream samples. The theoretical findings displayed changes in reactive descriptors, electronic parameters, bond angles, and bond lengths of 1c and conjugated AgNPs using DFT method. The biological application of 1c-AgNPs showed significant synergistic potential as antibacterial agent against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to ligand. Thus, the newly engineered 1c-AgNPs could be a favorable appliance in nature and health restoration.