共识文件:小脑与奖赏。

IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES Cerebellum Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-20 DOI:10.1007/s12311-024-01702-0
Mario Manto, Michael Adamaszek, Richard Apps, Erik Carlson, Julian Guarque-Chabrera, Elien Heleven, Shinji Kakei, Kamran Khodakhah, Sheng-Han Kuo, Chi-Ying R Lin, Mati Joshua, Marta Miquel, Hiroshi Mitoma, Noga Larry, Julie Anne Péron, Jasmine Pickford, Dennis J L G Schutter, Manpreet K Singh, Tommy Tan, Hirokazu Tanaka, Peter Tsai, Frank Van Overwalle, Kunihiko Yamashiro
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引用次数: 0

摘要

小脑是调节运动、认知、社交和情感功能的关键结构,通过与大脑皮层、基底神经节和脊髓的相互作用对自动行为做出贡献。小脑使用的预测机制不仅包括感觉运动功能,还包括与奖赏相关的任务。小脑回路似乎能编码时差误差和奖赏预测误差。从化学角度来看,小脑儿茶酚胺调节基于小脑的认知学习速度,并在复杂行为中介导小脑的贡献。奖励处理及其相关情绪由小脑调节,而小脑则作为基于内感知和外感知输入的适应性平衡过程的控制器而运作。第六至第七叶/蚓部区域是与损失厌恶和奖赏敏感性相关的皮质-皮质下信号通路的候选区域,同时也是边缘回路的其他节点。越来越多的证据表明,小脑是所有情绪状态下区域连接失调的枢纽,精神障碍涉及小脑回路,包括情绪障碍、成瘾障碍和进食行为障碍,与运动操作相比,小脑可能参与了更长时间尺度的预测。小脑症患者表现出反常的社会行为,表现出反常的冲动/冲动性。小脑与纹状体、腹侧被盖区(VTA)和前额叶皮质(PFC)共同组成了奖赏机制。至关重要的是,对奖赏处理的研究强化了我们的观点,即小脑的基本作用是构建内部模型,对未来行为的影响进行预测,并将预测结果与实际发生的情况进行比较。
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Consensus Paper: Cerebellum and Reward.

Cerebellum is a key-structure for the modulation of motor, cognitive, social and affective functions, contributing to automatic behaviours through interactions with the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia and spinal cord. The predictive mechanisms used by the cerebellum cover not only sensorimotor functions but also reward-related tasks. Cerebellar circuits appear to encode temporal difference error and reward prediction error. From a chemical standpoint, cerebellar catecholamines modulate the rate of cerebellar-based cognitive learning, and mediate cerebellar contributions during complex behaviours. Reward processing and its associated emotions are tuned by the cerebellum which operates as a controller of adaptive homeostatic processes based on interoceptive and exteroceptive inputs. Lobules VI-VII/areas of the vermis are candidate regions for the cortico-subcortical signaling pathways associated with loss aversion and reward sensitivity, together with other nodes of the limbic circuitry. There is growing evidence that the cerebellum works as a hub of regional dysconnectivity across all mood states and that mental disorders involve the cerebellar circuitry, including mood and addiction disorders, and impaired eating behaviors where the cerebellum might be involved in longer time scales of prediction as compared to motor operations. Cerebellar patients exhibit aberrant social behaviour, showing aberrant impulsivity/compulsivity. The cerebellum is a master-piece of reward mechanisms, together with the striatum, ventral tegmental area (VTA) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Critically, studies on reward processing reinforce our view that a fundamental role of the cerebellum is to construct internal models, perform predictions on the impact of future behaviour and compare what is predicted and what actually occurs.

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来源期刊
Cerebellum
Cerebellum 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
14.30%
发文量
150
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Official publication of the Society for Research on the Cerebellum devoted to genetics of cerebellar ataxias, role of cerebellum in motor control and cognitive function, and amid an ageing population, diseases associated with cerebellar dysfunction. The Cerebellum is a central source for the latest developments in fundamental neurosciences including molecular and cellular biology; behavioural neurosciences and neurochemistry; genetics; fundamental and clinical neurophysiology; neurology and neuropathology; cognition and neuroimaging. The Cerebellum benefits neuroscientists in molecular and cellular biology; neurophysiologists; researchers in neurotransmission; neurologists; radiologists; paediatricians; neuropsychologists; students of neurology and psychiatry and others.
期刊最新文献
Correction: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Diagnostic Accuracy of a Graded Gait and Truncal Instability Rating in Acutely Dizzy and Ataxic Patients. Correction: Long-Term Follow-Up Before and During Riluzole Treatment in Six Patients from Two Families with Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 7. Correction: Silica Nanoparticles from Melon Seed Husk Abrogated Binary Metal(loid) Mediated Cerebellar Dysfunction by Attenuation of Oxido-inflammatory Response and Upregulation of Neurotrophic Factors in Male Albino Rats. Clinical Heterogeneity of Essential Tremor: Understanding Neural Substrates of Action Tremor Subtypes. The Neuroimmune System and the Cerebellum.
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