Khushbu Agarwal, Jeremy W Luk, Bethany L Stangl, Melanie L Schwandt, Reza Momenan, David Goldman, Nancy Diazgranados, David A Kareken, Lorenzo Leggio, Vijay A Ramchandani, Paule V Joseph
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Here, we examined the prevalence of olfactory distortion (parosmia) and hallucination (phantosmia) and assessed their associations with problematic drinking and depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In April-June 2022, 250 participants across the spectrum of AUD were recruited for assessment in the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Alcohol study. Surveys covered self-reported olfactory function, depressive symptoms, and problematic drinking, with key measures assessed, including the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the Patient Health Questionnaire. Predictors in the analysis included parosmia and phantosmia, with covariates comprising age, sex, socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, COVID-19 infection status, and smoking status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 250 individuals, 5.2% experienced parosmia and 4.4% reported phantosmia. Parosmia was associated with higher Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test scores (β = 7.14; 95% confidence interval = 3.31, 10.96; P < 0.001), whereas phantosmia was linked to higher Patient Health Questionnaire scores (β = 3.32; 95% confidence interval = 0.22, 6.42; P = 0.03). These associations persisted in both the full sample and the subset of participants without COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study highlights strong existing links among olfactory deficits, problem drinking, and depressive symptoms, underscoring the need to assess smell impairments in clinical settings. Future research should explore these connections further to develop new treatments for individuals with AUD and depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14744,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addiction Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11446663/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Parosmia Is Positively Associated With Problematic Drinking, as Is Phantosmia With Depressive Symptoms.\",\"authors\":\"Khushbu Agarwal, Jeremy W Luk, Bethany L Stangl, Melanie L Schwandt, Reza Momenan, David Goldman, Nancy Diazgranados, David A Kareken, Lorenzo Leggio, Vijay A Ramchandani, Paule V Joseph\",\"doi\":\"10.1097/ADM.0000000000001332\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a global health problem with significant negative consequences, including preventable deaths. Although olfactory dysfunction is associated with chronic alcohol drinking, the relationship among specific types of olfactory deficits, depressive symptoms, and problematic drinking remains to be explored. Here, we examined the prevalence of olfactory distortion (parosmia) and hallucination (phantosmia) and assessed their associations with problematic drinking and depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In April-June 2022, 250 participants across the spectrum of AUD were recruited for assessment in the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Alcohol study. Surveys covered self-reported olfactory function, depressive symptoms, and problematic drinking, with key measures assessed, including the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the Patient Health Questionnaire. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目标:酒精使用障碍(AUD)是一个全球性的健康问题,具有严重的负面影响,包括可预防的死亡。虽然嗅觉功能障碍与长期饮酒有关,但特定类型的嗅觉障碍、抑郁症状和问题性饮酒之间的关系仍有待探讨。在此,我们研究了嗅觉失真(parosmia)和幻觉(phantosmia)的发生率,并评估了它们与问题性饮酒和抑郁症状之间的关系:2022年4月至6月,美国国家酒精滥用和酒精中毒研究所(National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Aloholism COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Alcohol)招募了250名不同程度的AUD参与者进行评估。调查内容包括自我报告的嗅觉功能、抑郁症状和问题性饮酒,主要评估指标包括酒精使用障碍鉴定测试和患者健康问卷。分析中的预测因素包括副嗅和幻嗅,协变量包括年龄、性别、社会经济地位、种族、民族、COVID-19 感染状况和吸烟状况:结果:在 250 人中,5.2% 的人有肤浅感觉,4.4% 的人有幻觉。嗜酒与较高的酒精使用障碍鉴定测试得分相关(β = 7.14;95% 置信区间 = 3.31,10.96;P < 0.001),而幻视与较高的患者健康问卷得分相关(β = 3.32;95% 置信区间 = 0.22,6.42;P = 0.03)。这些关联在全样本和无 COVID-19 的参与者子集中均持续存在:我们的研究强调了嗅觉障碍、问题饮酒和抑郁症状之间的密切联系,突出了在临床环境中评估嗅觉障碍的必要性。未来的研究应进一步探索这些联系,以便为患有 AUD 和抑郁症的人开发新的治疗方法。
Parosmia Is Positively Associated With Problematic Drinking, as Is Phantosmia With Depressive Symptoms.
Objectives: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a global health problem with significant negative consequences, including preventable deaths. Although olfactory dysfunction is associated with chronic alcohol drinking, the relationship among specific types of olfactory deficits, depressive symptoms, and problematic drinking remains to be explored. Here, we examined the prevalence of olfactory distortion (parosmia) and hallucination (phantosmia) and assessed their associations with problematic drinking and depressive symptoms.
Methods: In April-June 2022, 250 participants across the spectrum of AUD were recruited for assessment in the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Alcohol study. Surveys covered self-reported olfactory function, depressive symptoms, and problematic drinking, with key measures assessed, including the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the Patient Health Questionnaire. Predictors in the analysis included parosmia and phantosmia, with covariates comprising age, sex, socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, COVID-19 infection status, and smoking status.
Results: Among 250 individuals, 5.2% experienced parosmia and 4.4% reported phantosmia. Parosmia was associated with higher Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test scores (β = 7.14; 95% confidence interval = 3.31, 10.96; P < 0.001), whereas phantosmia was linked to higher Patient Health Questionnaire scores (β = 3.32; 95% confidence interval = 0.22, 6.42; P = 0.03). These associations persisted in both the full sample and the subset of participants without COVID-19.
Conclusions: Our study highlights strong existing links among olfactory deficits, problem drinking, and depressive symptoms, underscoring the need to assess smell impairments in clinical settings. Future research should explore these connections further to develop new treatments for individuals with AUD and depression.
期刊介绍:
The mission of Journal of Addiction Medicine, the official peer-reviewed journal of the American Society of Addiction Medicine, is to promote excellence in the practice of addiction medicine and in clinical research as well as to support Addiction Medicine as a mainstream medical sub-specialty.
Under the guidance of an esteemed Editorial Board, peer-reviewed articles published in the Journal focus on developments in addiction medicine as well as on treatment innovations and ethical, economic, forensic, and social topics including:
•addiction and substance use in pregnancy
•adolescent addiction and at-risk use
•the drug-exposed neonate
•pharmacology
•all psychoactive substances relevant to addiction, including alcohol, nicotine, caffeine, marijuana, opioids, stimulants and other prescription and illicit substances
•diagnosis
•neuroimaging techniques
•treatment of special populations
•treatment, early intervention and prevention of alcohol and drug use disorders
•methodological issues in addiction research
•pain and addiction, prescription drug use disorder
•co-occurring addiction, medical and psychiatric disorders
•pathological gambling disorder, sexual and other behavioral addictions
•pathophysiology of addiction
•behavioral and pharmacological treatments
•issues in graduate medical education
•recovery
•health services delivery
•ethical, legal and liability issues in addiction medicine practice
•drug testing
•self- and mutual-help.