邻里步行能力与全球定位系统(GPS)得出的老年人社区流动性有关。

Kyle D Moored, Breanna M Crane, Michelle C Carlson, Pamela M Dunlap, Jennifer S Brach, Andrea L Rosso
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:邻里步行能力可能会鼓励更多的家庭外出行(即社区流动性),以支持晚年生活的独立功能。我们研究了一种新的步行能力审核指数与全球定位系统(GPS)得出的社区流动性之间的关联。我们比较了与经过验证的美国环境保护署(EPA)国家步行指数之间的关联,并进一步研究了临床步行速度的调节作用:参与者为 146 名老年人(平均年龄为 77.0±6.5 岁,68% 为女性),他们是一项旨在提高步行速度的随机试验的基线参与者。利用谷歌街景对住家 1/8 英里范围内的审核结果,创建了步行能力指数(范围:0-5;如土地使用组合、人行横道等)。参与者携带 GPS 设备 5-7 天,以获得社区流动性的客观测量值(如离家时间、累计离家距离):经个人人口统计学/健康状况和社区社会经济状况调整后,步行能力审核得分每增加 1 个分度值(约 1.3 分),外出时间就会增加 2.16% (95% CI:0.30-4.03,p=.023)。对于步行速度较慢的人来说(4 米步行速度):家门口的步行环境与社区流动性的提高有关,尤其是对于步行速度较慢的老年人而言。研究结果强调,在解决老年人群的社区流动性问题时,需要考虑当地环境和个人功能的共同影响。
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Neighborhood Walkability Is Associated With Global Positioning System-Derived Community Mobility of Older Adults.

Background: Neighborhood walkability may encourage greater out-of-home travel (ie, community mobility) to support independent functioning in later life. We examined associations between a novel walkability audit index and Global Positioning System (GPS)-derived community mobility in community-dwelling older adults. We compared associations with the validated Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Walkability Index and further examined moderation by clinical walking speed.

Methods: Participants were 146 older adults (Mean = 77.0 ± 6.5 years, 68% women) at baseline of a randomized trial to improve walking speed. A walkability index (range: 0-5; eg, land-use mix, crosswalks, and so on) was created using Google Street View audits within 1/8-mile of the home. Participants carried a GPS device for 5-7 days to derive objective measures of community mobility (eg, time spent out of home, accumulated distance from home).

Results: Each 1 SD (~1.3-point) greater walkability audit score was associated with a median 2.16% more time spent out of home (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.30-4.03, p = .023), adjusting for individual demographics/health and neighborhood socioeconomic status. For slower walkers (4-m walking speed <1 m/s), each 1 SD greater audit score was also associated with a median 4.54 km greater accumulated distance from home (95% CI: 0.01-9.07, p (interaction) = .034). No significant associations were found for the EPA walkability index.

Conclusions: Walkability immediately outside the home was related to greater community mobility, especially for older adults with slower walking speeds. Results emphasize the need to consider the joint influence of local environment and individual functioning when addressing community mobility in older populations.

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