在人类改造的生态系统中，食人行为促进并维持了顶级食肉鱼类（慈鲷：Cichla）的入侵

IF 2.8 2区生物学 Q2 ECOLOGY Freshwater Biology Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI:10.1111/fwb.14261

Gustavo Henrique Soares Guedes, Ana Clara Sampaio Franco, Luciano Neves dos Santos, Alejandra Filippo Gonzalez Neves dos Santos, Francisco Gerson Araújo

引用次数: 0

摘要

入侵科学界对外来入侵物种长期生存的策略仍然知之甚少。考虑到顶级捕食者，一个关键问题是它们如何克服在入侵过程中造成的猎物减少。我们分析了一个强大的时间数据库，其中包括孔雀鲈（Cichlidae: Cichla）在人类改造的生态系统中的食谱、入侵者的丰度、其猎物和竞争者的比较（1994-2002 年与 2015-2017 年）。此外，我们还比较了美洲大陆本土种群与非本土种群之间以及自然生态系统与人类改造生态系统之间的食人频率（存在或不存在）。我们对四个假设进行了检验：(i) 猎物和竞争者的数量会随着时间的推移而减少，这是捕食影响的结果；(ii) 吃人行为与大小和密度有关，并在本地猎物减少后增加；(iii) 吃人行为在非本地种群中更为频繁；(iv) 入侵者的数量会随着时间的推移而减少，这是资源减少和吃人行为增加的结果。这些影响导致猎物供应量急剧下降，造成广泛的食人现象。在孔雀鲈数量较多的地区，成年个体捕食幼鱼，这表明食人行为与体型和密度有关。在非本地种群和人类改造的生态系统中，食人现象更为频繁。我们在地方和大陆尺度上的研究结果共同证实了食人行为是一种适应性入侵策略，它促进了入侵过程，并使种群能够长期自我维持，这可能会危及针对这些全球引进的顶级掠食者的管理行动的有效性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Cannibalism facilitates and sustains the invasion of top-predator fish (Cichlidae: Cichla) in human-modified ecosystems

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来源期刊

Freshwater Biology 生物-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

3.70%

发文量

162

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Freshwater Biology publishes papers on all aspects of the ecology of inland waters, including rivers and lakes, ground waters, flood plains and other freshwater wetlands. We include studies of micro-organisms, algae, macrophytes, invertebrates, fish and other vertebrates, as well as those concerning whole systems and related physical and chemical aspects of the environment, provided that they have clear biological relevance. Studies may focus at any level in the ecological hierarchy from physiological ecology and animal behaviour, through population dynamics and evolutionary genetics, to community interactions, biogeography and ecosystem functioning. They may also be at any scale: from microhabitat to landscape, and continental to global. Preference is given to research, whether meta-analytical, experimental, theoretical or descriptive, highlighting causal (ecological) mechanisms from which clearly stated hypotheses are derived. Manuscripts with an experimental or conceptual flavour are particularly welcome, as are those or which integrate laboratory and field work, and studies from less well researched areas of the world. Priority is given to submissions that are likely to interest a wide range of readers. We encourage submission of papers well grounded in ecological theory that deal with issues related to the conservation and management of inland waters. Papers interpreting fundamental research in a way that makes clear its applied, strategic or socio-economic relevance are also welcome. Review articles (FRESHWATER BIOLOGY REVIEWS) and discussion papers (OPINION) are also invited: these enable authors to publish high-quality material outside the constraints of standard research papers.