{"title":"将天气模式信息纳入模型输出统计,改进短期近地面温度预报","authors":"Matthias Zech, L. von Bremen","doi":"10.1175/mwr-d-23-0134.1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"\nDynamical numerical weather prediction has remarkably improved over the last decades. Yet, postprocessing techniques are needed to calibrate forecasts which are based on statistical and Machine Learning techniques. With recent advances in the derivation of year-round, large-scale atmospheric circulations, or weather regimes, the question arises of whether this information can be valuable within forecast postprocessing methods. This paper investigates this by proposing a bias correction scheme to integrate the atmospheric circulation state derived from empirical orthogonal functions, referred to as weather patterns, for deterministic short-term, near-surface temperature forecasts based on LASSO regression. We propose a computational study which first evaluates different weather pattern definitions (spatial domain) to improve temperature forecasts in Europe. As a bias could be associated with the weather pattern at the model initialization time or at the realization time of the forecast, both variants are tested in this study. We show that forecasted weather patterns with the identical spatial domain as the forecast show best skill reaching Mean Squared Error Skill improvements of up to 3% (day-ahead) or 1% respectively (week ahead). Only considering land surface improvements in Europe, improvements of 4-6% for day-ahead and 1 to 5% for week-ahead forecasts are observable. We believe that this study not only introduces a simple yet effective tool to reduce bias in temperature forecasts but also contributes to the active discussion of how valuable weather patterns are and how to use them within forecast calibration techniques.","PeriodicalId":18824,"journal":{"name":"Monthly Weather Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Improving short-term, near-surface temperature forecasts by integrating weather pattern information into Model Output Statistics\",\"authors\":\"Matthias Zech, L. von Bremen\",\"doi\":\"10.1175/mwr-d-23-0134.1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"\\nDynamical numerical weather prediction has remarkably improved over the last decades. Yet, postprocessing techniques are needed to calibrate forecasts which are based on statistical and Machine Learning techniques. With recent advances in the derivation of year-round, large-scale atmospheric circulations, or weather regimes, the question arises of whether this information can be valuable within forecast postprocessing methods. This paper investigates this by proposing a bias correction scheme to integrate the atmospheric circulation state derived from empirical orthogonal functions, referred to as weather patterns, for deterministic short-term, near-surface temperature forecasts based on LASSO regression. We propose a computational study which first evaluates different weather pattern definitions (spatial domain) to improve temperature forecasts in Europe. As a bias could be associated with the weather pattern at the model initialization time or at the realization time of the forecast, both variants are tested in this study. We show that forecasted weather patterns with the identical spatial domain as the forecast show best skill reaching Mean Squared Error Skill improvements of up to 3% (day-ahead) or 1% respectively (week ahead). Only considering land surface improvements in Europe, improvements of 4-6% for day-ahead and 1 to 5% for week-ahead forecasts are observable. We believe that this study not only introduces a simple yet effective tool to reduce bias in temperature forecasts but also contributes to the active discussion of how valuable weather patterns are and how to use them within forecast calibration techniques.\",\"PeriodicalId\":18824,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Monthly Weather Review\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Monthly Weather Review\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-23-0134.1\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Monthly Weather Review","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-23-0134.1","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Improving short-term, near-surface temperature forecasts by integrating weather pattern information into Model Output Statistics
Dynamical numerical weather prediction has remarkably improved over the last decades. Yet, postprocessing techniques are needed to calibrate forecasts which are based on statistical and Machine Learning techniques. With recent advances in the derivation of year-round, large-scale atmospheric circulations, or weather regimes, the question arises of whether this information can be valuable within forecast postprocessing methods. This paper investigates this by proposing a bias correction scheme to integrate the atmospheric circulation state derived from empirical orthogonal functions, referred to as weather patterns, for deterministic short-term, near-surface temperature forecasts based on LASSO regression. We propose a computational study which first evaluates different weather pattern definitions (spatial domain) to improve temperature forecasts in Europe. As a bias could be associated with the weather pattern at the model initialization time or at the realization time of the forecast, both variants are tested in this study. We show that forecasted weather patterns with the identical spatial domain as the forecast show best skill reaching Mean Squared Error Skill improvements of up to 3% (day-ahead) or 1% respectively (week ahead). Only considering land surface improvements in Europe, improvements of 4-6% for day-ahead and 1 to 5% for week-ahead forecasts are observable. We believe that this study not only introduces a simple yet effective tool to reduce bias in temperature forecasts but also contributes to the active discussion of how valuable weather patterns are and how to use them within forecast calibration techniques.
期刊介绍:
Monthly Weather Review (MWR) (ISSN: 0027-0644; eISSN: 1520-0493) publishes research relevant to the analysis and prediction of observed atmospheric circulations and physics, including technique development, data assimilation, model validation, and relevant case studies. This research includes numerical and data assimilation techniques that apply to the atmosphere and/or ocean environments. MWR also addresses phenomena having seasonal and subseasonal time scales.