Investigating the Potential Pharmacological Applications of 5-Hydroxy-2 (hydroxymethyl)-4H pyran-4 one through Electronic Characterization and MM-GBSA Studies for Oxidative Stress and Tyrosinase Inhibition: A Quantum Chemical Approach

The study thoroughly examines the possible applications of 5 Hydroxy – 2 (hydroxymethyl) – 4 H pyran – 4 one. Through Quantum chemical analysis, the research rigorously evaluates the compound's properties, including its optoelectronics, geometrical structure, and intermolecular interactions. The geometrical structure parameters were optimized using a 6–311++G(d,p) basis set in the DFT/B3LYP method, and the resulting geometrical factors were then scaled to calculate probable vibrational wavenumbers. The Mulliken charges and MEP map were used to locate electrophilic, nucleophilic regions, and chemical reactivity was described using FMOs and Fukui function assessments. The multiwfn was employed to investigate topological analysis (surface distance projection and Hirshfeld maps). The UV-visible spectrum was used to estimate the absorption of maximum wavelengths, which was then correlated with the TD-DFT, DOS, and band structure investigations. The study also calculated parameters, including Total Energies, ZPE, Entropy, Dipole moment, and Heat Capacity for monomeric and dimeric units. Pharmacokinetics were used to determine the biological characteristics of the compound. The MM-GBSA simulation was performed, and the results suggest that this compound has the potential to be an enhancing anti-oxidant protection agent due to its high binding affinity and intermolecular interactions. These findings are crucial in developing therapeutic agents with pharmacological effects and potential toxicities.