{"title":"政治上接受危险技术:通过瑞士案例研究看含铅汽油的例子(1921-1970 年)","authors":"Tiphaine Robert","doi":"10.3828/whp.eh.63830915903593","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In 1921, General Motors chemists decided to add tetraethyl, a highly toxic lead additive, into petrol to reduce ‘knock’ or ‘pinging’ in internal combustion engines. Despite the opposition from health authorities, the lead additive would come to dominate the global market, particularly during the Great Acceleration (1950–2000). Before the progressive elimination of its use, many voices in the USA and in Europe spoke out against using this additive. How was such acceptance of widespread poisoning possible? We analyse the case of Switzerland to explain the acceptance of lead poisoning. Our aim is to show how concerns over health and environmental impacts from toxic lead were not publicised and how corporate interests trumped concerns over the wellbeing of the community, despite known human risks.","PeriodicalId":45574,"journal":{"name":"Environment and History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Political Acceptance of Dangerous Technology: The Example of Leaded Petrol through the Case Study of Switzerland (1921–1970)\",\"authors\":\"Tiphaine Robert\",\"doi\":\"10.3828/whp.eh.63830915903593\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"In 1921, General Motors chemists decided to add tetraethyl, a highly toxic lead additive, into petrol to reduce ‘knock’ or ‘pinging’ in internal combustion engines. Despite the opposition from health authorities, the lead additive would come to dominate the global market, particularly during the Great Acceleration (1950–2000). Before the progressive elimination of its use, many voices in the USA and in Europe spoke out against using this additive. How was such acceptance of widespread poisoning possible? We analyse the case of Switzerland to explain the acceptance of lead poisoning. Our aim is to show how concerns over health and environmental impacts from toxic lead were not publicised and how corporate interests trumped concerns over the wellbeing of the community, despite known human risks.\",\"PeriodicalId\":45574,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Environment and History\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-15\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Environment and History\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"98\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3828/whp.eh.63830915903593\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"历史学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environment and History","FirstCategoryId":"98","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3828/whp.eh.63830915903593","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Political Acceptance of Dangerous Technology: The Example of Leaded Petrol through the Case Study of Switzerland (1921–1970)
In 1921, General Motors chemists decided to add tetraethyl, a highly toxic lead additive, into petrol to reduce ‘knock’ or ‘pinging’ in internal combustion engines. Despite the opposition from health authorities, the lead additive would come to dominate the global market, particularly during the Great Acceleration (1950–2000). Before the progressive elimination of its use, many voices in the USA and in Europe spoke out against using this additive. How was such acceptance of widespread poisoning possible? We analyse the case of Switzerland to explain the acceptance of lead poisoning. Our aim is to show how concerns over health and environmental impacts from toxic lead were not publicised and how corporate interests trumped concerns over the wellbeing of the community, despite known human risks.
期刊介绍:
Environment and History is an interdisciplinary journal which aims to bring scholars in the humanities and biological sciences closer together, with the deliberate intention of constructing long and well-founded perspectives on present day environmental problems. Articles appearing in Environment and History are abstracted and indexed in America: History and Life, British Humanities Index, CAB Abstracts, Environment Abstracts, Environmental Policy Abstracts, Forestry Abstracts, Geo Abstracts, Historical Abstracts, History Journals Guide, International Bibliography of Social Sciences, Landscape Research Extra, Referativnyi Zhurnal, Rural Sociology Abstracts, Social Sciences in Forestry and World Agricultural Economics.