The Biomarkers Associated with Unstable Angina Pectoris (UAP)

Objectives: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common form of CVD that begins as stable angina pectoris (SAP) followed by unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and finally critical stage myocardial infarction (MI), which results from rupture of atherosclerotic plaque and a thrombus that blocks the coronary artery supplying the heart, resulted from the death of part of the heart muscle. The underlying cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) is atherosclerosis, which results from the formation of layers of fatty deposits on the inner walls of the arteries. Early diagnosis of MI has an important role in assisting clinicians in prompt planning for its treatment and thus reducing the number of its deaths. Methods: The present study included 20 UAP patients and 20 healthy individuals (controls). In all the cases and controls, levels of cardiac and inflammatory biomarkers were measured by special kits from Hotgen Company via phosphorous technology using UPT-3A converting phosphor immunological analyzer. Results: The levels of both cardiac and inflammatory biomarkers were significantly increased in UAP cases as compared to controls. Also, there was significant positive correlation between cardiac and inflammatory biomarkers in UAP cases. Conclusions: The positive correlation between most cardiac and inflammatory biomarkers in UAP indicates that inflammation occurs in UAP. Hence it is concluded that inflammatory biomarkers (CRP, Hs-CRP and PCT) and cardiac biomarker (cTnI, H-FABP, CK-MB, NT-proBNP and D-dimer) can be markers of UAP and can be used for diagnostic purposes in patients.