A. Y. Shash, M. K. El-Fawakhry, A. Gamal, A. I. Zaki, M. G. El-Sherbiny
{"title":"利用铌对残余奥氏体进行动力精炼开发 TRIP 现象 利用铌对残余奥氏体进行动力精炼开发 TRIP 现象","authors":"A. Y. Shash, M. K. El-Fawakhry, A. Gamal, A. I. Zaki, M. G. El-Sherbiny","doi":"10.1002/mawe.202400020","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The illustrations above demonstrate that as the percentage of niobium increases, the grain size decreases, leading to an increase in the stability of transformation induced plasticity steel. This, in turn, results in improved mechanical strength. The optimal volume fraction of retained austenite for a significant transformation induced plasticity effect to occur is reported to be in the range of 10 vol. %–20 vol. %. The volume fraction of retained austenite directly determines the carbon content and grain size of the retained austenite, its two main stabilization factors. The stability of the retained austenite dictates when the strain-induced martensite transformation (SIMT) occurs during straining of transformation induced plasticity high strength steel. Unstable retained austenite transforms almost immediately upon deformation, increasing work hardening rate and formability during the stamping process. At the appropriate stability of the retained austenite, the Strain-Induced Martensite Transformation begins only at strain levels beyond those produced during stamping and forming, and the retained austenite is still present in the final part; it can transform into martensite in the event of a crash, providing greater crash energy absorption. The tensile strength level of micro-alloyed transformation induced plasticity steels may exceed 1 GPa. Grain refinement mechanism is considered as the most applied mechanism used in increasing of steel strength without deterioration of ductility and toughness. Recently, it was proposed that the grain refinement could act positively on promoting the transformation induced plasticity effect of advanced high strength steel through improving the stability of retained austenite. In this research, quenching and partitioning heat treatment technique was applied to four grades of low carbon steel with different percentage of niobium. Then, the effect of niobium on grain refinement has been detected by microstructure observations. Mechanical properties and strain hardening properties of investigated steel have been determined. In addition, by using x-ray diffraction, as well as a new electric resistance-based sensor, it was possible to characterize the stability of the retained austenite through the plastic deformation of steel. Grain refinement by using of niobium has a great impact on promoting the stability of retained austenite against the plastic stress at the plastic deformation zone.</p>","PeriodicalId":18366,"journal":{"name":"Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Development of TRIP phenomenon using power refining of retained austenite by niobium\\n Entwicklung des TRIP-Phänomens durch Energieveredelung von Restaustenit durch Niobium\",\"authors\":\"A. Y. Shash, M. K. El-Fawakhry, A. Gamal, A. I. Zaki, M. G. El-Sherbiny\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/mawe.202400020\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>The illustrations above demonstrate that as the percentage of niobium increases, the grain size decreases, leading to an increase in the stability of transformation induced plasticity steel. This, in turn, results in improved mechanical strength. The optimal volume fraction of retained austenite for a significant transformation induced plasticity effect to occur is reported to be in the range of 10 vol. %–20 vol. %. The volume fraction of retained austenite directly determines the carbon content and grain size of the retained austenite, its two main stabilization factors. The stability of the retained austenite dictates when the strain-induced martensite transformation (SIMT) occurs during straining of transformation induced plasticity high strength steel. Unstable retained austenite transforms almost immediately upon deformation, increasing work hardening rate and formability during the stamping process. At the appropriate stability of the retained austenite, the Strain-Induced Martensite Transformation begins only at strain levels beyond those produced during stamping and forming, and the retained austenite is still present in the final part; it can transform into martensite in the event of a crash, providing greater crash energy absorption. The tensile strength level of micro-alloyed transformation induced plasticity steels may exceed 1 GPa. Grain refinement mechanism is considered as the most applied mechanism used in increasing of steel strength without deterioration of ductility and toughness. Recently, it was proposed that the grain refinement could act positively on promoting the transformation induced plasticity effect of advanced high strength steel through improving the stability of retained austenite. In this research, quenching and partitioning heat treatment technique was applied to four grades of low carbon steel with different percentage of niobium. Then, the effect of niobium on grain refinement has been detected by microstructure observations. Mechanical properties and strain hardening properties of investigated steel have been determined. In addition, by using x-ray diffraction, as well as a new electric resistance-based sensor, it was possible to characterize the stability of the retained austenite through the plastic deformation of steel. Grain refinement by using of niobium has a great impact on promoting the stability of retained austenite against the plastic stress at the plastic deformation zone.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18366,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-29\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mawe.202400020\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mawe.202400020","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
上述说明表明,随着铌比例的增加,晶粒尺寸减小,从而提高了转化诱导塑性钢的稳定性。这反过来又提高了机械强度。据报道,要产生显著的转化诱导塑性效应,最佳的残余奥氏体体积分数范围为 10 体积%-20 体积%。残余奥氏体的体积分数直接决定了残余奥氏体的碳含量和晶粒度,这是其两个主要的稳定因素。残余奥氏体的稳定性决定了在应变诱导塑性高强度钢的应变过程中何时发生应变诱导马氏体转变(SIMT)。不稳定的残余奥氏体几乎会在变形时立即发生转变,从而提高冲压过程中的加工硬化率和成形性。当残余奥氏体达到适当的稳定性时,应变诱导马氏体转变才会开始,应变水平超过冲压和成型过程中产生的应变水平,残余奥氏体仍然存在于最终零件中;在发生碰撞时,残余奥氏体可转变为马氏体,提供更大的碰撞能量吸收。微合金转化诱导塑性钢的抗拉强度可超过 1 GPa。晶粒细化机制被认为是在不降低延展性和韧性的情况下提高钢强度的最常用机制。最近有学者提出,晶粒细化可通过提高残余奥氏体的稳定性,对促进先进高强度钢的转变诱导塑性效应起到积极作用。本研究采用淬火和分割热处理技术对四种不同铌含量的低碳钢进行了处理。然后,通过显微组织观察检测了铌对晶粒细化的影响。还测定了所研究钢材的机械性能和应变硬化性能。此外,通过使用 X 射线衍射以及新型电阻传感器,还可以通过钢的塑性变形表征保留奥氏体的稳定性。使用铌进行晶粒细化对提高保留奥氏体在塑性变形区抵抗塑性应力的稳定性有很大影响。
Development of TRIP phenomenon using power refining of retained austenite by niobium
Entwicklung des TRIP-Phänomens durch Energieveredelung von Restaustenit durch Niobium
The illustrations above demonstrate that as the percentage of niobium increases, the grain size decreases, leading to an increase in the stability of transformation induced plasticity steel. This, in turn, results in improved mechanical strength. The optimal volume fraction of retained austenite for a significant transformation induced plasticity effect to occur is reported to be in the range of 10 vol. %–20 vol. %. The volume fraction of retained austenite directly determines the carbon content and grain size of the retained austenite, its two main stabilization factors. The stability of the retained austenite dictates when the strain-induced martensite transformation (SIMT) occurs during straining of transformation induced plasticity high strength steel. Unstable retained austenite transforms almost immediately upon deformation, increasing work hardening rate and formability during the stamping process. At the appropriate stability of the retained austenite, the Strain-Induced Martensite Transformation begins only at strain levels beyond those produced during stamping and forming, and the retained austenite is still present in the final part; it can transform into martensite in the event of a crash, providing greater crash energy absorption. The tensile strength level of micro-alloyed transformation induced plasticity steels may exceed 1 GPa. Grain refinement mechanism is considered as the most applied mechanism used in increasing of steel strength without deterioration of ductility and toughness. Recently, it was proposed that the grain refinement could act positively on promoting the transformation induced plasticity effect of advanced high strength steel through improving the stability of retained austenite. In this research, quenching and partitioning heat treatment technique was applied to four grades of low carbon steel with different percentage of niobium. Then, the effect of niobium on grain refinement has been detected by microstructure observations. Mechanical properties and strain hardening properties of investigated steel have been determined. In addition, by using x-ray diffraction, as well as a new electric resistance-based sensor, it was possible to characterize the stability of the retained austenite through the plastic deformation of steel. Grain refinement by using of niobium has a great impact on promoting the stability of retained austenite against the plastic stress at the plastic deformation zone.
期刊介绍:
Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik provides fundamental and practical information for those concerned with materials development, manufacture, and testing.
Both technical and economic aspects are taken into consideration in order to facilitate choice of the material that best suits the purpose at hand. Review articles summarize new developments and offer fresh insight into the various aspects of the discipline.
Recent results regarding material selection, use and testing are described in original articles, which also deal with failure treatment and investigation. Abstracts of new publications from other journals as well as lectures presented at meetings and reports about forthcoming events round off the journal.