Synthesis of Nano-silica Particles using Eucalyptus globulus Leaf Extract and Their Innovative Application as an Adsorbent for Malachite Green Dye

Abstract

This study explores the silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO₂) green production via employing Eucalyptus globulus leaf extract and potassium metasilicate. Characterization methods, including FTIR, dynamic light scattering, SEM, Brunauer‒Emmett‒Teller analysis, and XRD. All these approaches were applied to get an in-depth comprehension of the nanoparticle’s properties. It was determined that the nanoparticles’ average size was 127 nm and 218 m²g^–1 surface area. In addition, the tests verified the SiO₂ nanoparticles’ purity and demonstrated the surface existence of many reactive groups. The effectiveness of the reactive SiO₂ nanoparticle groups were then assessed in a batch-mode adsorption under various operating parameters for the removal of malachite green dyes from aqueous solutions. The investigation examined the contact duration, pH, temperature, agitation speed, starting dye concentration, and quantity of nanomaterial on adsorption effectiveness. Experimental results demonstrated a remarkable removal efficiency of 96% for malachite green dye at an initial concentration of 100 ppm in the contaminated solution. Interestingly, the percentage removal exhibited an inverse relationship with dye concentration and temperature, while being directly proportional to other factors. Overall, the green-synthesized silicon dioxide nanoparticles proved to be a promising adsorbent for the effective removal of malachite green dye from aqueous environments. The results highlight the potential application of these nanoparticles in wastewater treatment and pollution mitigation, offering a sustainable and eco-friendly solution for environmental challenges.