{"title":"路径随机性和二阶算术模型","authors":"George Barmpalias , Wei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ic.2024.105181","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A tree is <em>pathwise-random</em> if all of its paths are Martin-Löf random. We show that: (a) no weakly 2-random real computes a perfect pathwise-random tree; it follows that the class of perfect pathwise-random trees is null, with respect to any computable measure; (b) there exists a positive-measure pathwise-random tree which does not compute any complete extension of Peano arithmetic; and (c) there exists a perfect pathwise-random tree which does not compute any tree of positive measure and finite randomness deficiency. We then obtain models of second-order arithmetic that separate principles below weak Königs lemma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54985,"journal":{"name":"Information and Computation","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 105181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Pathwise-randomness and models of second-order arithmetic\",\"authors\":\"George Barmpalias , Wei Wang\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ic.2024.105181\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>A tree is <em>pathwise-random</em> if all of its paths are Martin-Löf random. We show that: (a) no weakly 2-random real computes a perfect pathwise-random tree; it follows that the class of perfect pathwise-random trees is null, with respect to any computable measure; (b) there exists a positive-measure pathwise-random tree which does not compute any complete extension of Peano arithmetic; and (c) there exists a perfect pathwise-random tree which does not compute any tree of positive measure and finite randomness deficiency. We then obtain models of second-order arithmetic that separate principles below weak Königs lemma.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":54985,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Information and Computation\",\"volume\":\"299 \",\"pages\":\"Article 105181\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Information and Computation\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"94\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890540124000464\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"计算机科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"COMPUTER SCIENCE, THEORY & METHODS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Information and Computation","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890540124000464","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, THEORY & METHODS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Pathwise-randomness and models of second-order arithmetic
A tree is pathwise-random if all of its paths are Martin-Löf random. We show that: (a) no weakly 2-random real computes a perfect pathwise-random tree; it follows that the class of perfect pathwise-random trees is null, with respect to any computable measure; (b) there exists a positive-measure pathwise-random tree which does not compute any complete extension of Peano arithmetic; and (c) there exists a perfect pathwise-random tree which does not compute any tree of positive measure and finite randomness deficiency. We then obtain models of second-order arithmetic that separate principles below weak Königs lemma.
期刊介绍:
Information and Computation welcomes original papers in all areas of theoretical computer science and computational applications of information theory. Survey articles of exceptional quality will also be considered. Particularly welcome are papers contributing new results in active theoretical areas such as
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