Singularities of $1/2$ Calabi–Yau 4-folds and classification scheme for gauge groups in four-dimensional F-theory

In a previous study, we constructed a family of elliptic Calabi-Yau 4-folds possessing a geometric structure that allowed them to be split into a pair of rational elliptic 4-folds. In the present study, we introduce a method of classifying the singularity types of this class of elliptic Calabi-Yau 4-folds. In brief, we propose a method to classify the non-Abelian gauge groups formed in four-dimensional (4D) $N=1$ F-theory for this class of elliptic Calabi-Yau 4-folds. To demonstrate our method, we explicitly construct several elliptic Calabi-Yau 4-folds belonging to this class and study the 4D F-theory thereupon. These constructions include a 4D model with two U(1) factors.