体育锻炼干预对儿童感知的影响:系统回顾与元分析

Jie Zhao, Chang Xiang, Tengku Kamalden Tengku Fadilah, Hua Luo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

感知是儿童心理发展的重要组成部分,是儿童理解和适应外部环境能力的基础。感知也是了解和驾驭周围环境的重要工具,能让儿童识别物体并对环境或情况做出适当的反应。大量证据表明,参加体育活动有利于儿童感知能力的发展,因为这两者密切相关。不过,要全面了解体育活动对儿童感知能力的影响,还需要进行更多的研究。进一步确定和量化体育锻炼对儿童一些特定感知能力的影响。系统回顾和荟萃分析。我们使用五个在线数据库(即 PubMed、SPORTDiscus、PsycINFO、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Library)对截至 2023 年 6 月(含 2023 年 6 月)发表的文章进行了检索,以确定符合条件的引文。共分析了 12 项随机对照试验,涉及 1,761 名 12 岁以下的儿童。总体而言,体育锻炼作为一种干预措施对儿童感知能力的发展有显著效果。荟萃分析表明,每天参加 30 分钟左右的体育活动对儿童视觉感知和执行功能的影响大于对运动感知、身体感知和全面自我价值的影响(SMD = 1.33,95% CI:0.75,1.91,p < 0.001)。体育锻炼对儿童感知能力的影响因参与者的特征而异,对于肥胖或超重的儿童来说,体育锻炼对身体感知和整体自我价值的影响更大。此外,体育锻炼还能增强发育协调障碍儿童的执行功能和注意力。体育锻炼对儿童感知能力的影响因干预时间而异,不同的活动持续时间会导致不同的感知能力表现。因此,家长和教育工作者必须优先为儿童安排适当的体育活动时间,以确保他们的最佳成长和发展。注册和协议号:CRD42023441119。
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The Effects of Physical Activity Interventions on Children’s Perception: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Perception is an essential component of children’s psychological development, which is foundational to children’s ability to understand and adapt to their external environment. Perception is also a crucial tool for understand and navigating one’s surroundings, enabling children to identify objects and react appropriately to settings or situations. Substantial evidence indicates that engaging in physical activity is beneficial for the development of children’s perceptual abilities, as the two are closely intertwined. Still, more research is necessary to gain a full understanding of the impact of physical activity on children’s perception. To further identify and quantify the effects of physical activity on a number of specific perceptions in children. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Searches were performed using five online databases (i.e., PubMed, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) for articles published up to and including June 2023 to identify eligible citations. A total of 12 randomized controlled trials, encompassing 1,761 children under the age of 12, were analyzed. Overall, physical activity as an intervention showed a notable effect on the development of children’s perceptions. The meta-analysis indicated that participating in physical activity for 30 minutes around, daily, had a greater impact on children’s visual perception and executive functioning than on their motor perception, body perception, and global self-worth (SMD = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.75, 1.91, p < 0.001). The effects of physical activity on children’s perception performance varied by participant characteristics, with physical activity having better effects on body perception and overall self-worth in children who were obese or overweight. Furthermore, physical activity can also enhance executive function and attention in children with developmental coordination disorders. The effects of physical activity on children’s perception performance varied according to the intervention time, with different activity durations resulting in different perception performances. Therefore, parents and educators must prioritize an appropriate length of physical activity time for children to ensure their optimal growth and development. Registration and protocol CRD42023441119.
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