MXene-based catalysts: A review

Two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride, 2D metal–organic frameworks, layered double hydroxides, transition metal dichalcogenides, and MXenes, have garnered significant attention in catalysis due to their exceptional properties and structures. Notably, recent studies have revealed the promising catalytic activity of MXene-based catalysts for many reactions, including hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution, oxygen reduction, nitrogen reduction, carbon dioxide reduction, alcohol oxidation, hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, methanol conversion, dry reforming of methane, and CO oxidation. This review offers a summary of recent advances in the field, contextualizing the progress made. Additionally, it delves into existing challenges while presenting prospects for future developments in this domain.