Targeted delivery of the domestic anticancer drug from the group of aziridine triazines (literature review)

At the present time targeted delivery of anticancer drugs can significantly increase the effectiveness of therapy, reduce the side effects of systemic chemotherapy and improve the quality of cancer patients treatment. The aim is summarization of data about the domestic antitumor drug 2,4-bis(1-aziridinyl)-6-(2,2-dimethyl-5-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)amino-1,3,5-thriazine (Dioxadet) today, its nanoforms, possibilities of use in the clinic and the main antitumor nanodrugs clinical introduced in recent years in the world. The study was conducted with search and information (eLibrary, PubMed, CyberLeninka, ResearchGate, Springer, Wiley Online Library, Elsevier) and library databases. The literature review summarizes data on preclinical trials of Dioxadet and provides information on its developed nanoforms, such as nanogels, nanodiamonds, silica particles, copolymers with lactic and caproic acids. New drug nanoforms open up opportunities to reduce its side effects and systemic toxicity, as well as maintain optimal therapeutic concentrations, increase the circulation time of the drug in the blood and control its release. The possibility of chemopreparation cytotoxic doses using is the main advantage of the new drug nanoform. To date, about 20 antitumor nanodrugs have been introduced in clinical practice, and a number of nanodrugs are undergoing preclinical and various phases of clinical trials. Thus, the development of new effective dioxadet nanoforms makes it possible to ensure targeted drug delivery in higher cytotoxic doses to the target cell, increase of the selective action, and reduce the cytostatic toxicity towards normal cells.