利用可见病毒和活细胞成像揭示逆转录病毒生命周期

IF 8.1 1区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Annual Review of Virology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1146/annurev-virology-100422-012608
Jorge F Guerrero, Sydney L Lesko, Edward L Evans, Nathan M Sherer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

病毒利用宿主细胞的关键因素来完成病毒复制周期的各个阶段。为了了解病毒的致病机理并加快开发新的抗病毒策略,需要对病毒与宿主的相互作用进行高分辨率可视化,以确定这些事件在细胞内发生的时间和地点。在此,我们回顾了用于跟踪病毒生命周期各个阶段的最先进的活细胞成像技术,主要侧重于逆转录病毒,尤其是研究最为广泛的人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 型。我们介绍了如何对可见病毒进行活细胞成像改造,以及在某些情况下如何利用细胞生物传感器系统间接跟踪和研究非改造病毒。我们总结了利用活细胞成像技术剖析逆转录病毒生命周期的方法。最后,我们讨论了未来面临的挑战,包括需要更好的标记策略、更高的分辨率和多变量系统来研究病毒的整个复制周期。
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Studying Retroviral Life Cycles Using Visible Viruses and Live Cell Imaging.

Viruses exploit key host cell factors to accomplish each individual stage of the viral replication cycle. To understand viral pathogenesis and speed the development of new antiviral strategies, high-resolution visualization of virus-host interactions is needed to define where and when these events occur within cells. Here, we review state-of-the-art live cell imaging techniques for tracking individual stages of viral life cycles, focusing predominantly on retroviruses and especially human immunodeficiency virus type 1, which is most extensively studied. We describe how visible viruses can be engineered for live cell imaging and how nonmodified viruses can, in some instances, be tracked and studied indirectly using cell biosensor systems. We summarize the ways in which live cell imaging has been used to dissect the retroviral life cycle. Finally, we discuss select challenges for the future including the need for better labeling strategies, increased resolution, and multivariate systems that will allow for the study of full viral replication cycles.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.40
自引率
0.90%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Virology serves as a conduit for disseminating thrilling advancements in our comprehension of viruses spanning animals, plants, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protozoa. Its reviews illuminate novel concepts and trajectories in basic virology, elucidating viral disease mechanisms, exploring virus-host interactions, and scrutinizing cellular and immune responses to virus infection. These reviews underscore the exceptional capacity of viruses as potent probes for investigating cellular function.
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