{"title":"在巴西人口中验证嗅觉障碍问卷(QOD)","authors":"Amanda Beatriz Costa da Silva Bernardino , Márcio Andrade Barreto-Filho , Amanda Savieto Pompeu , Jaqueline dos Santos Andrade , Amanda Canário Andrade Azevedo , Michelle Queiroz Aguiar Brasil , Mariana Cedro , Cintia Araújo , Nilvano Andrade , Kevan Akrami , Henrique Ochoa Scussiatto , Viviane Sampaio Boaventura , Marco Aurélio Fornazieri","doi":"10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100414","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The incidence of olfactory disorders has increased in recent years, mainly related to COVID-19 infection. In Brazil, over 37 million cases of COVID-19 have been reported, and approximately 10 % of those cases continue to experience olfactory disorders for more than one month. Despite the significant negative impact on well-being, there is currently no validated instrument to assess how olfactory disorders impact the quality of life in Brazil.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to validate the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (QOD) for Brazilian Portuguese.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The authors first performed translation, back-translation, expert review, pre-testing, psychometric evaluation and cultural adaptation of the English version of the questionnaire. To assure linguistic and conceptual equivalence of the translated questionnaire, 126 participants from two Brazilian states and varying degrees of olfactory loss answered the QOD and the World Health Organization Quality of Life bref (WHOQOL-bref) questionnaires. The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT®) was used to quantify the olfactory loss. Furthermore, to evaluate the reliability of the Portuguese version a test-retest was performed on a subgroup of patients. The authors observed a high Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.86) for internal consistency of the quality of Life (QOD-QOL) statements.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>As expected, there was a negative correlation between QOD-QOL and UPSIT® (Spearman's ρ = -0.275, <em>p</em> = 0.002), since QOL score increases and UPSIT® score decreases with worsening of olfactory function. Correlations were moderate between QOD-QOL and WHOQOL-bref mean (Spearman's ρ = -0.374, <em>p</em> < 0.001) and weak to moderate between the QOD-QOL and Visual Analog Scale of the QOD regarding professional life, leisure, and private life (Spearman's ρ = -0.316, <em>p</em> = 0.000; Spearman's ρ = -0.293, <em>p</em> = 0.001; Spearman's ρ = -0.261, <em>p</em> = 0.004; respectively).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In conclusion, the authors have demonstrated a high internal consistency and validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the QOD for evaluating the quality of life in individuals with olfactory disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10472,"journal":{"name":"Clinics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1807593224000917/pdfft?md5=4f44d33de43893866146e5435443d235&pid=1-s2.0-S1807593224000917-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Validation of the questionnaire of olfactory disorders (QOD) for the Brazilian population\",\"authors\":\"Amanda Beatriz Costa da Silva Bernardino , Márcio Andrade Barreto-Filho , Amanda Savieto Pompeu , Jaqueline dos Santos Andrade , Amanda Canário Andrade Azevedo , Michelle Queiroz Aguiar Brasil , Mariana Cedro , Cintia Araújo , Nilvano Andrade , Kevan Akrami , Henrique Ochoa Scussiatto , Viviane Sampaio Boaventura , Marco Aurélio Fornazieri\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100414\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The incidence of olfactory disorders has increased in recent years, mainly related to COVID-19 infection. In Brazil, over 37 million cases of COVID-19 have been reported, and approximately 10 % of those cases continue to experience olfactory disorders for more than one month. Despite the significant negative impact on well-being, there is currently no validated instrument to assess how olfactory disorders impact the quality of life in Brazil.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to validate the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (QOD) for Brazilian Portuguese.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The authors first performed translation, back-translation, expert review, pre-testing, psychometric evaluation and cultural adaptation of the English version of the questionnaire. To assure linguistic and conceptual equivalence of the translated questionnaire, 126 participants from two Brazilian states and varying degrees of olfactory loss answered the QOD and the World Health Organization Quality of Life bref (WHOQOL-bref) questionnaires. The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT®) was used to quantify the olfactory loss. Furthermore, to evaluate the reliability of the Portuguese version a test-retest was performed on a subgroup of patients. The authors observed a high Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.86) for internal consistency of the quality of Life (QOD-QOL) statements.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>As expected, there was a negative correlation between QOD-QOL and UPSIT® (Spearman's ρ = -0.275, <em>p</em> = 0.002), since QOL score increases and UPSIT® score decreases with worsening of olfactory function. Correlations were moderate between QOD-QOL and WHOQOL-bref mean (Spearman's ρ = -0.374, <em>p</em> < 0.001) and weak to moderate between the QOD-QOL and Visual Analog Scale of the QOD regarding professional life, leisure, and private life (Spearman's ρ = -0.316, <em>p</em> = 0.000; Spearman's ρ = -0.293, <em>p</em> = 0.001; Spearman's ρ = -0.261, <em>p</em> = 0.004; respectively).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In conclusion, the authors have demonstrated a high internal consistency and validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the QOD for evaluating the quality of life in individuals with olfactory disorders.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":10472,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Clinics\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1807593224000917/pdfft?md5=4f44d33de43893866146e5435443d235&pid=1-s2.0-S1807593224000917-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Clinics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1807593224000917\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinics","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1807593224000917","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Validation of the questionnaire of olfactory disorders (QOD) for the Brazilian population
Background
The incidence of olfactory disorders has increased in recent years, mainly related to COVID-19 infection. In Brazil, over 37 million cases of COVID-19 have been reported, and approximately 10 % of those cases continue to experience olfactory disorders for more than one month. Despite the significant negative impact on well-being, there is currently no validated instrument to assess how olfactory disorders impact the quality of life in Brazil.
Objectives
This study aimed to validate the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (QOD) for Brazilian Portuguese.
Methods
The authors first performed translation, back-translation, expert review, pre-testing, psychometric evaluation and cultural adaptation of the English version of the questionnaire. To assure linguistic and conceptual equivalence of the translated questionnaire, 126 participants from two Brazilian states and varying degrees of olfactory loss answered the QOD and the World Health Organization Quality of Life bref (WHOQOL-bref) questionnaires. The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT®) was used to quantify the olfactory loss. Furthermore, to evaluate the reliability of the Portuguese version a test-retest was performed on a subgroup of patients. The authors observed a high Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.86) for internal consistency of the quality of Life (QOD-QOL) statements.
Findings
As expected, there was a negative correlation between QOD-QOL and UPSIT® (Spearman's ρ = -0.275, p = 0.002), since QOL score increases and UPSIT® score decreases with worsening of olfactory function. Correlations were moderate between QOD-QOL and WHOQOL-bref mean (Spearman's ρ = -0.374, p < 0.001) and weak to moderate between the QOD-QOL and Visual Analog Scale of the QOD regarding professional life, leisure, and private life (Spearman's ρ = -0.316, p = 0.000; Spearman's ρ = -0.293, p = 0.001; Spearman's ρ = -0.261, p = 0.004; respectively).
Conclusion
In conclusion, the authors have demonstrated a high internal consistency and validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the QOD for evaluating the quality of life in individuals with olfactory disorders.
期刊介绍:
CLINICS is an electronic journal that publishes peer-reviewed articles in continuous flow, of interest to clinicians and researchers in the medical sciences. CLINICS complies with the policies of funding agencies which request or require deposition of the published articles that they fund into publicly available databases. CLINICS supports the position of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) on trial registration.