WhiB-like proteins: Diversity of structure, function and mechanism

The WhiB-Like (Wbl) proteins are a large family of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster-containing transcription factors exclusively found in the phylum Actinobacteria, including the notable genera like Mycobacteria, Streptomycetes and Corynebacteria. These proteins play pivotal roles in diverse biological processes, such as cell development, redox stress response and antibiotic resistance. Members of the Wbl family exhibit remarkable diversity in their sequences, structures and functions, attracting great attention since their first discovery. This review highlights the most recent breakthroughs in understanding the structural and mechanistic aspects of Wbl-dependent transcriptional regulation.