鸢尾和枸杞作为支持从水生环境中去除微塑料的植物--初步研究

Yoosun Kim, Kiyoung Park, Jonghyeok Bak, Sueran Choi
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摘要

(1) 背景:由于水生环境中的微塑料难以预防,而且会对各种生物造成不良的生理和生化反应,我们旨在分析利用根系发达、净水能力强的水生植物以生态友好的方式去除微塑料的效果。此外,我们还根据微塑料颗粒的大小和所使用的水生植物类型,研究了去除效率的差异。(2)方法:本研究使用了两种类型的聚乙烯(PE)微塑料颗粒(46 微米和 140 微米)和两种类型的水生植物(Iris pseudacorus 和 Lythrum anceps)。这些植物在含有微塑料的自来水中进行了为期四个月的无土栽培。使用傅立叶变换红外光谱法(FT-IR)对栽培区的水样进行分析,以确定微塑料的减少情况。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)用于检测微塑料在植物根部的吸附情况。通过测量植物的高度、宽度和分枝数(叶片数)来评估植物的生长情况。(3) 结果:结果表明,无论微塑料颗粒大小或植物类型如何,在装有鸢尾和姬松茸的栽培箱中,水中的微塑料数量都明显减少。这两种植物根部对微塑料的吸附进一步证实了微塑料数量的减少。此外,微塑料的存在对植物的生长没有明显的负面影响。这些研究结果表明,鸢尾属(Iris pseudacorus)和刺五加属(Lythrum anceps)是清除水生环境中微塑料的合适植物。(4) 结论:要利用植物有效减少水生微塑料,必须利用根系发达、繁殖能力快的多年生植物建立可持续的植被覆盖。后续研究不仅应考虑植物的类型,还应考虑与植物对不同环境条件的耐受性有关的各个方面。
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Iris pseudacorus and Lythrum anceps as Plants Supporting the Process of Removing Microplastics from Aquatic Environments—Preliminary Research
(1) Background: Since microplastics in aquatic environments are difficult to prevent and can cause adverse physiological and biochemical reactions to various organisms, we aimed to analyze the effectiveness of using aquatic plants with well-developed roots and excellent water purification capabilities to remove microplastics in an eco-friendly manner. Additionally, we examined the differences in removal efficiency based on the sizes of the microplastic particles and the types of aquatic plants used. (2) Methods: Two types of polyethylene (PE) microplastic particles (46 µm and 140 µm) and two types of aquatic plants (Iris pseudacorus and Lythrum anceps) were used in this study. These plants were cultivated in tap water containing microplastics for a duration of four months in an aquatic setup without soil. Water samples from the cultivation area were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to determine the reduction in microplastics. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the adsorption of microplastics on the plants’ roots. Plant growth was assessed by measuring plant height, plant width, and the number of branches (number of leaves). (3) Results: The results revealed significant reductions in the numbers of microplastics in the water of the cultivation boxes containing Iris pseudacorus and Lythrum anceps, irrespective of the microplastic particle size or plant type. These reductions were further confirmed by the adsorption of microplastics on the roots of both plant species. Moreover, the presence of microplastics had no significant negative effects on the plants’ growth. These findings suggest that Iris pseudacorus and Lythrum anceps are suitable plants for removing microplastics in aquatic environments. (4) Conclusions: To effectively reduce aquatic microplastics using plants, it is essential to establish a sustainable vegetation cover using perennial plants with well-developed roots and rapid reproductive capabilities. Follow-up research should consider not only the type of plant but also various aspects related to their tolerance to different environmental conditions.
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