良好的视野--优秀的驾驶员

Ivelina J. Pitakova, Todor Kozhuharov, Dimana Mitsova
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摘要

视觉是一种复杂的行为,它使视觉分析者能够感知和分析环境中的物体。两家眼科诊所的团队结合一项调查,开展了 "好视力-好司机 "宣传活动。在世界上大多数国家,65 岁以上的驾驶员必须每 2 或 3 年更新一次驾照。欧盟委员会希望 70 岁以上的汽车驾驶员每 5 年证明一次自己的能力。调查的目的是分析患者自述驾驶时的视觉表现与其主观总体健康状况之间的关系。调查于 2021 年 6 月 1 日至 2022 年 6 月 31 日在圣尼古拉-丘多特沃雷茨眼科医院眼科诊所通过直接调查的方式进行。在此期间,共有 103 名患者接受了调查,其中男性 84 人,女性 19 人。其中 50-70 岁年龄段的人数最多。在所有 206 只眼睛中,有 45.6% 的人未矫正视力等于或低于 0.3。几乎所有的受访者都会开车,只有 3 人不会开车,大多数人(50.9%)开车没有困难。超过 42% 的受访者认为只有在夜间驾驶才有困难,6.8% 的受访者认为总是有困难。关于患者是否发生过交通事故(13.7% 的受访者为阳性)以及是否曾中风的问题结果存在重叠。驾驶能力是一个多因素的过程,视力在其中扮演着不可否认的角色。视力反映了驾驶执照的校正需求。目前的研究证明了这一必要性,因为研究显示,视力不佳的患者在驾驶时,并不是在年轻时就高估了自己的总体和视觉客观条件。
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Good vision – good driver
Vision is a complex act that allows the visual analyzer to perceive and analyse objects in the environment. The teams of two eye clinics conducted a “good vision-good driver” awareness campaign in combination with a survey. In most countries in the world, drivers over the age of 65 are required to renew their licences every 2 or 3 years. The European Commission wants car drivers over 70 to prove their ability every 5 years. The aim was to analyze the relationship between patients’ visual performance concerning their self-reported driving and their subjective general health. The survey was conducted through a direct survey at St. Nikolay Chudotvorets Eye Clinic Eye Clinics from 1.06.2021 to 31.06.2022. For the period, 103 patients were surveyed, 84 male and 19 – female. The group of 50–70-year-olds was the most numerous. Uncorrected vision equal to or less than 0.3 was present in 45.6% of all 206 eyes. Almost all respondents drove a car, only 3 were not drivers, and most (50.9%) had no difficulty driving. More than 42% of the respondents found driving difficult only at night, and 6.8% had difficulty always. There is an overlap in the results of the questions of whether the patient had had a traffic accident – positive in 13.7% and whether they had ever had a stroke. The ability to drive is a multifactorial process in which vision plays an undeniable role. Visual acuity reflects the need for correction in the driving licence. The present research proves the need because it shows patients with poor vision driving and not at a young age who overestimate their general and visual objective condition.
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