Advanced Deep Learning Models for Accurate Retinal Disease State Detection

Retinal diseases are a significant challenge in the realm of medical diagnosis, with potential complications to vision and overall ocular health. This research endeavors to address the challenge of automating the detection of retinal disease states using advanced deep learning models, including VGG-19, ResNet-50, InceptionV3, and EfficientNetV2. Each model leverages transfer learning, drawing insights from a substantial dataset comprising optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and subsequently classifying images into four distinct retinal conditions: choroidal neovascularization, drusen, diabetic macular edema and a healthy state. The training dataset, sourced from repositories that are available to the public including OCT retinal images, spanning all four disease categories. Our findings reveal that among the models tested, EfficientNetV2 demonstrates superior performance, with a remarkable classification accuracy of 98.92%, precision of 99.6%, and a recall of 99.4%, surpassing the performance of the other models.