控制辣椒茎腐病的遗传抗性和硅

Bruno Arcanjo Silva, Lorenna Leal Pires, José Evando Aguiar Beserra Jr
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引用次数: 0

摘要

辣椒茎腐病是由坏死性病原菌 Sclerotium delphinii 引起的一种病害,它是土壤中的一种天然居民。确定辣椒对病原体具有抗性的基因型并施用硅(Si)是有效的管理措施。这项研究的目的是确定 24 个辣椒属品种对 S. delphinii 的抗性来源,并评估硅酸钠(Si)诱导抗性的潜力。共进行了两次实验:实验 I 评估了辣椒在温室中的抗性反应。实验在一年中的两个时期(2019 年 7 月和 11 月)进行。在实验 II 中,评估了 Si 对辣椒抗性的影响。实验 I 采用的实验设计是 2(分离物)x 24(接种物)的因子设计随机区组,5 次重复。在实验 II 中,选取了在实验 I 中观察到的抗性反应截然不同的六个品种,采用 1(分离物)×6(品种)×4 的因子设计(剂量:每瓶 0.0、0.025、0.05 和 0.1 毫升)。BGH 71 和 BAGC 134 对病原体表现出更强的抗性。品种 BAGC 134 在两个时期内都表现出较高的抗性稳定性,并能抵抗两种受试分离株。Si 剂量对抗性反应没有明显影响。因此,基因型 BGH 71 和 BAGC 134 有潜力用于辣椒抗 S. delphinii 的育种计划,以控制茎腐病。
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Genetic resistance and silicon in the control of stem rot in Capsicum spp.
Pepper stem rot is a disease caused by Sclerotium delphinii, a necrotrophic pathogen and a natural soil inhabitant. Identifying genotypes of Capsicum resistant to the pathogen and applying silicon (Si) can be effective management measures. The objective of the study was to identify sources of resistance in 24 accessions of Capsicum spp. against S. delphinii, and to evaluate the potential of sodium silicate (Si) to induce resistance. Two experiments were conducted: In Experiment I, the resistance reaction of Capsicum in a greenhouse was evaluated. The experiment was conducted in two periods of the year (July and November 2019). In Experiment II, the effect of Si on Capsicum resistance was evaluated. The experimental design used in Experiment I employed randomized blocks in a factorial design of 2 (isolates) x 24 (accessions), with five replications. For Experiment II, six accessions were selected with contrasting resistance responses observed in Experiment I, in a factorial design of 1 (isolate) x 6 (accessions) x 4 (doses: 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 mL per vase). Accessions BGH 71 and BAGC 134 showed greater resistance to the pathogen. Accession BAGC 134 demonstrated high resistance stability in both periods and against the two isolates tested. Si doses had no significant effect on the resistance reaction. Therefore, the genotypes BGH 71 and BAGC 134 have the potential to be used in breeding programs for Capsicum for resistance to S. delphinii for control of stem rot.
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