影响中国急诊护士遵守标准预防措施的因素的因果模型:横断面研究

Yanfang Huang, W. Lertwatthanawilat, Pimpaporn Klunklin, A. Unahalekhaka
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引用次数: 0

摘要

标准预防措施对于防止急诊护士之间的交叉感染至关重要,尤其是在传染病大流行期间。然而,这种标准预防措施的遵守情况不佳是全球卫生系统一直存在的问题。这可能是由于护士对实践中造成交叉感染的各种因素的影响机制缺乏足够的了解。在这项横断面研究中,我们严格运用计划行为理论作为指导框架,建立并检验了影响中国急诊护士遵守标准预防措施的因果模型。2022年7月至2023年2月,在COVID-19大流行期间,研究人员采用目的取样法从中国四川省4个城市的8家三级医院招募了310名急诊护士。研究工具包括人口统计学数据表、标准预防措施问卷、感染预防质量领先文化量表和标准预防措施依从性量表。采用描述性统计和矩阵结构分析程序对数据进行分析,以检验影响因素。最终建立的中国急诊护士标准预防措施遵守情况影响因素模型解释了 36% 的方差。该模型为了解和改善标准预防措施的依从性提供了一个实用工具。感染预防氛围和意向会直接影响标准预防措施的遵守情况。此外,护士对标准预防措施的态度、标准预防措施的社会规范、感知到的标准预防措施行为控制以及感染预防氛围也通过意向作为中介间接影响了坚持标准预防措施的实践。在这些因素中,感染预防氛围对坚持标准预防措施的影响最大。这些发现强调了护理管理者在强调标准预防措施的显著益处、塑造急诊护士对标准预防措施的积极态度和信心以及营造支持感染控制的氛围方面的关键作用。通过实施这些策略,护理管理者可以显著提高标准预防措施的依从性,确保为工作人员、患者和公众提供更安全的医疗环境。
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Causal Model of Factors Influencing Adherence to Standard Precautions Practices Among Chinese Emergency Nurses: A Cross-sectional Study
Standard precautions are essential to prevent cross-infections among emergency nurses, particularly during a pandemic of infectious diseases. However, poor adherence to such standard precautions is an ongoing global health system problem. This may be due to nurses’ lack of adequate understanding regarding the influencing mechanisms of various factors that cause cross-infection in practice. In this cross-sectional study, we rigorously utilized the Theory of Planned Behaviors as a guiding framework to develop and test a causal model of factors influencing adherence to standard precautions practices among Chinese emergency nurses. From July 2022 to February 2023, purposive sampling was used to recruit 310 emergency nurses from eight tertiary hospitals in four cities in Sichuan Province, China, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research instruments included a Demographic Data Form, the Standard Precautions Questionnaire, the Leading Culture of Quality in Infection Prevention Scale, and the Compliance with Standard Precautions Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Analysis of Moment Structure program to test the influencing factors. The final model of factors influencing adherence to standard precautions practices among Chinese emergency nurses explained 36% of the variance. This model provides a practical tool for understanding and improving adherence to standard precautions. Infection prevention climate and intention can affect adherence practices directly. In addition, nurses’ attitudes to standard precautions, social norms of standard precautions, perceived behavioral control of standard precautions, and infection prevention climate indirectly affected adherence practices through intention as the mediator. Among these factors, infection prevention climate had the most substantial effect on adherence practices. These findings underscore the pivotal role of nursing administrators in highlighting the remarkable benefits of standard precautions, shaping emergency nurses’ positive attitudes and confidence toward standard precautions, and creating a supportive climate for infection control. By implementing these strategies, nursing administrators can significantly improve adherence to standard precautions, ensuring a safer healthcare environment for workers, patients, and the public.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.40
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14.30%
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3
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