阿尔及利亚纳马地区有 Hammada scoparia (Pomel) 的草原土壤的物理化学特性

H. Boucherit, A. Benaradj
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摘要

摘要 在年平均降雨量低于 150 毫米的地区,出现了 Hammada scoparia 草原,它是干旱草原和撒哈拉植被之间的过渡地带。植被的分布非常不规则,这取决于土壤的性质和结构。通过观察和对 42 个剖面的取样,对纳玛南部的一系列物种进行了土壤研究。通过主成分分析,确定了不同土壤剖面与所研究物种之间的关系。研究结果表明,莨菪属木本草原栖息地的特点是碳酸盐结壳表面为砂质至砂质石质结构,在某些类型的土壤中通常呈板状,碳酸盐含量从 1.22% 到 12.7% 不等;这种元素往往被带到 40 到 60 厘米深处。相反,在其他类型的土壤中,碳酸盐则分布在整个剖面上。定殖土壤一般较浅,有机质含量较低,从 2% 到 3.65% 不等,pH 值在 6.7 到 8.8 之间,呈碱性。测得的导电率介于 0.1 至 0.7 mS/cm 之间。这种变化在很大程度上取决于土壤质地、生物气候和草原植被。所获得的结果使这一具有社会经济和生态作用的物种的价值得以提升,因为它实际上适应了草原空间不同类型的土壤。
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Physico-Chemical Properties of Steppe Soils with Hammada scoparia (Pomel) in The Naâma Region (Algeria)
Abstract With an average annual rainfall below 150 mm, the steppe with Hammada scoparia emerges, constituting the transition between the arid steppes and the Saharan vegetation. The distribution of the vegetation is very irregular, which depends on the nature and structure of the soils. A soil study, based on observations and the sampling of 42 profiles, was carried out within a range of species located in the southern part of Naâma. The principal component analysis enables the identification of relationships between the different soil profiles and the species studied. The results obtained show that the woody steppe with H. scoparia occupies habitats characterized by a sandy-loamy to sandy and stony texture on the surface of carbonate crusts, often in the form of slabs with a variable carbonate content of 1.22 to 12.7% in certain types of soil; this element tends to be carried to a depth of 40 to 60 cm. In other types of soil, on the contrary, it remains distributed throughout the entire profile. Colonized soils are generally shallow and poor in organic matter, varying from 2 to 3.65%, with an alkaline pH ranging between 6.7 and 8.8. The measured electrical conductivity varies between 0.1 and 0.7 mS/cm. This variation largely depends on the texture of the soil, the bioclimate and the steppe vegetation. The results obtained enable the valorization of this species, which has a socio-economic and ecological role, as it practically adapts to the different types of soil of the steppe space.
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